Dignāga (English spelling)

Japanese: ディグナーガ（英語表記）Dignāga

[Birth] 480 yen
[Died] circa 540. Established a new logic (shin'inming) in Indian Buddhism. Transliterated as Jinna, translated as Yilong. Within the Yogacara theory, he advocated the theory of consciousness with form, which was later introduced to China by Tripitaka master Xuanzang, giving birth to the Hosso sect. Dignaga eliminated the five propositions of traditional Buddhist logic and established a formula that consists of only three propositions: assertion proposition, reason, and metaphor. He also recognized only two types of knowledge bases: direct perception and inferential knowledge. According to this theory, direct perception is independent of discrimination and has no content, but it becomes concrete knowledge when inference is added. Regarding inference, he proposed the three characteristics of reason terms (the three aspects of cause) and the nine-phrase theory of cause. His major works include "The Essential Theory of the Buddha's Mother's Prajnaparamita-yaengshu," "The Treatise on the Source of Dependent Aspects," "The Treatise on the Middle Way," "The Treatise on the Hypothesis of Causes," "Pramanasamuraya," and "The Treatise on the Gate of Causes and the True Truth."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]480頃
[没]540頃
インド仏教の新しい論理学 (新因明 ) の確立者。陳那 (じんな) と音写され，域龍と訳されている。唯識説のうちでは有相唯識説を唱え，後代にその説が玄奘三蔵によって中国に伝えられて法相宗が誕生した。ディグナーガは従来の仏教論理学の5命題を省略して，「主張命題」「理由」「比喩」の3命題だけで成立する論式を確立した。また知識根拠としては直接知覚と推論知との2種だけを承認した。それによると直接知覚は分別を離れたものであり，無内容であるが，推論の働きが加わることによって具体的な知識として成立するという。推論については理由名辞の3特質 (因の三相) と9句因の説を立てた。主著『仏母般若波羅蜜多円集要義論』『観所縁論』『掌中論』『取因仮説論』『プラマーナサムッチャヤ』『因明正理門論』。

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