Deakin, Alfred

Japanese: ディーキン（英語表記）Deakin， Alfred

Born: 3 August 1856, Melbourne
[Died] October 7, 1919, Melbourne Australian politician. Started as a lawyer, elected to the Victorian Parliament in 1880, and held important posts from 1883. Travelled to London in 1900 to discuss the draft Australian Constitution with the British government. After returning to Australia, he appealed for the promotion of federation of the Australian colonies in various parts of Victoria. Served as Prime Minister three times (1903-04, 05-08, 09-10), and made efforts to expand social legislation and implement protective tariffs. In 1908, he passed the Pensions Act and the General Tariff Act, but the High Court ruled the General Tariff Act invalid. As a result, he was unable to get the cooperation of the Labor Party, and joined the conservative forces that believed in free trade, but was defeated by the Labor Party in the 2010 election. In 2012, due to poor health, he retired from politics.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1856.8.3. メルボルン
[没]1919.10.7. メルボルン
オーストラリアの政治家。法律家として出発，1880年ビクトリア植民地議会議員に選出され，83年から要職を歴任。 1900年ロンドンにおもむき，イギリス本国政府とオーストラリア連邦憲法草案について協議。帰国後ビクトリア各地でオーストラリア各植民地の連邦化促進を訴えた。連邦政府首相を3度 (1903～04，05～08，09～10) つとめ，社会立法の拡充と保護関税の実施に尽力。 08年には年金法と一般関税法を議会に通過させたが，連邦高等法院から一般関税法の無効の判決が下った。そのため労働党の協力が得られず，自由貿易を信奉する保守勢力に合流したが，10年の選挙で労働党に敗北。 12年健康を害して政界から引退。

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