Tsuyama Kengyo

A performer and composer of Ikuta-style koto music and jiuta. The first generation, Ichina Keinoichi. After serving as Toyogashido (fourth degree) and Nakagawa Koto, he became a Kengyo in 1795 (Kansei 7). He was famous in Osaka as a master of the sangen, established the system of 50 Nogawa-style long songs, and made major improvements to the small Kyobachi, which is now used under the name Tsuyamabachi. He also added a unique flavor to the tunes of Kamigata songs, and his singing style was called Tsuyamabushi. His representative works include "Tamakazura" and "Edo Miyage". The second generation (1798-1853) is known for composing "Douchu Sugoroku". The 5th generation (1861-1917) did not become an inspector because the office of the master was abolished in 1871 (Meiji 4), and with this generation the Tsuyama lineage in Osaka came to an end.

The name Tsuyama Kengyo was also in Kyoto. This Tsuyama Kengyo (date of birth and death unknown) had the city name Tomiichi, and after serving as Matsukawa Koto, he became a Kengyo in 1755 (5th year of the Horeki era), later changing his name to Nozaki Kikiichi. He edited "Kotosen Waka no Ito" and "Shinkyoku Ito no Fushi", among others. His representative works include the hauta "Kagura", the choka "Yamato Bumi" and "Momiji Zukushi".

[Keiko Hirayama]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

生田(いくた)流箏曲(そうきょく)および地歌(じうた)の演奏家、作曲家。初世。都名(いちな)慶之一。豊賀(とよが)史導（四度）、中川勾当(こうとう)を経て、1795年（寛政7）検校となる。大坂で三弦の名手として名高く、野川流長歌(ながうた)五十番の制度を定め、小ぶりの京撥(きょうばち)を大きく改良した。これは現在、津山撥の名で愛用されている。また、上方唄(かみがたうた)の節に独特な味を加え、その歌い方は津山節といわれた。代表作は『玉鬘(たまかずら)』『江戸土産(みやげ)』など。2世（1798―1853）は『道中双六(どうちゅうすごろく)』の作曲で知られる。5世（1861―1917）は1871年（明治4）に当道職屋敷が廃止されたため、検校官にはならず、この代をもって大坂の津山の芸系は絶えた。

　なお、津山検校の名は京都にもあった。この津山検校（生没年不詳）は都名を富一といい、松川勾当を経て、1755年（宝暦5）検校となり、のちに野崎きき一と改名した。『琴線和歌の糸』『新曲糸の節』などを編集。代表作に端歌(はうた)『神楽(かぐら)』、長歌『大和文(やまとぶみ)』『紅葉(もみじ)づくし』などがある。

［平山けい子］

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