One yen area - Ichienchi

Japanese: 一円地 - いちえんち

Also called Ichien Chigyochi or Ichien Shoryo. Under the manor system of ancient and medieval times, this refers to a territory or manor under the ownership of a single lord, without the control of other lords or kokuga. In the early manors, which were formed by enclosure for reclamation or fudoden, public fields (kokuga lands) and other private lands and manors were mixed within the boundaries, and disputes often arose over the collection of annual taxes and public duties. To avoid this, from the 9th century onwards, scattered manors on their own territories were exchanged (sohaku) or purchased for public fields or manors from other territories, promoting the creation of a circle of land, or applying to the central government for the right of non-import and non-entry, and it came to be said that "as a Ichien manor, no duties on other territories are performed."

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

一円知行地，一円所領ともいう。古代･中世の荘園制の下で，他の領主や国衙の支配をまじえず，単一の領主の領有下にある所領または荘園をいう。封戸田や，墾田のための囲いこみによって形成された初期の荘園では，その境界内に公田(国衙領)や他の私領･荘園が混在したため，その年貢･公事などの収取をめぐって相互にしばしば相論がおこった。これをさけるため，9世紀以降，散在する自領の荘田と公田や他領の荘田とを交換(相博（そうはく）)したり買得したりして円田化をすすめ，あるいは中央政府に申請して不輸不入権を得ることによって〈一円の庄として，他所役を勤めず〉といわれるようになった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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