Mail order business

Japanese: 通信販売 - つうしんはんばい(英語表記)mail-order business
Mail order business

A sales method in which orders are received by mail and the ordered products are delivered by mail or courier. Its greatest feature is that products are selected from catalogs distributed or posted at specific locations, and advertisements in magazines and newspapers, and customers place their orders without ever seeing the actual products. Therefore, the success or failure of mail order sales depends on the accuracy of the explanations in the catalogs and advertisements. Mail order sales originated in America, which has a vast land area, a developed postal system, and standardized production and consumption. Any product can be handled except perishable food, but since they rely on explanations in catalogs, they focus on brand-name products that can be standardized. Mail order retailers are divided into general stores that handle a wide range of products and specialty stores that handle only specific products such as sports equipment and books. In America, general stores are more prevalent, while specialty stores are more prevalent in Japan. From the perspective of retailers, the advantages of mail order sales are low store costs and direct bulk purchases from manufacturers, and from the perspective of customers, a wide selection in remote areas, and savings in time and cost when shopping. On the other hand, there are drawbacks such as a high return rate due to discrepancies between the contents of catalogs and advertisements and the actual product, restrictions on credit, and the high costs of creating catalogs and shipping. In the United States, the development of transportation has reduced the need for mail order sales, and there are examples of mail order businesses replacing brick-and-mortar retailers (Sears, Roebuck, etc.). Japan does not have the same conditions as the United States to begin with, but direct mail aimed at specific demographics, such as class, occupation, or income level, is on the rise. Furthermore, with the spread of the Internet, mail order sales over the Internet have become more common. In order to deal with problems that arise from mail order sales, the Specified Commercial Transactions Act (Act No. 57 of 1976) establishes various regulations.

[Mitsuo Morimoto]

"Internet Mail Order Sales and Consumer Policy: Distribution Channel Characteristics and Corporate Activities" by Masahiro Maruyama (2007, Kobundo)

[Reference items] | Catalog | Direct mail | Specified Commercial Transactions Act

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

通信で注文を受け、郵便や宅配便でその注文商品を引き渡す販売方法。最大の特色は、配布または特定場所に備え付けたカタログ、雑誌・新聞等の広告によって商品が選択され、顧客はまったく商品実物を見ないで注文するところにある。そのため、カタログや広告の説明の適否が、通信販売の成否を左右する。通信販売は、広大な国土、発達した郵便制度、標準化した生産と消費という条件をもつアメリカで生まれた。取扱い商品は、腐敗性の食料品以外はなんでも可能であるが、カタログによる説明に頼るため、標準化の可能な銘柄商品が中心になる。通信販売業者には、多方面の商品を扱う総合店と、運動具・書籍等の特定品だけを扱う専門店とがあるが、アメリカでは総合店が、日本では専門店が多い。通信販売の利点は、業者からみれば、低廉な店舗費、メーカーからの直接大量仕入れなど、顧客からみれば、遠隔地での広範な選択、買い物の時間とコストの節減などにある。しかし反面、カタログや広告内容と実物の相違による高い返品率、信用の制約、カタログ作成や配送のコストが大きいなどの欠点がある。アメリカでは、交通の発達が通信販売の必要性を低下させ、通信販売業者が店舗販売業者に比重を置き換えた例がある(シアーズ・ローバック)。日本ではもともとアメリカ的条件はないが、階層別、職種別、所得別など、特定層をねらったダイレクト・メールによるものが増えている。さらにはインターネットの普及に伴ってインターネット通信販売も盛んに行われるようになっている。なお、通信販売によるトラブルに対処するために、特定商取引法(昭和51年法律第57号)が種々の規制を設けている。

[森本三男]

『丸山正博著『インターネット通信販売と消費者政策――流通チャネル特性と企業活動』(2007・弘文堂)』

[参照項目] | カタログ | ダイレクト・メール | 特定商取引法

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Report card - Tsuushinbo

>>:  The Secret of Communication

Recommend

Ifumuke - Ifumuke

...The former is a song in which a mother literal...

Abyssinian Mustard - Abyssinian Mustard

...Useful as an oil crop and vegetable are the ra...

Pilot system - Unkoushiseido

…The staff of the deck, engine, and radio departm...

Dancer - Odoriko

〘 noun 〙① A girl who dances. Especially a girl who...

Feijoa - Feijoa

A large evergreen shrub of the Myrtaceae family (...

Unsold - Urizan

...These transactions between securities companie...

Taishogoto - Taishogoto

It is more like a steel guitar than a koto. It was...

Toa Kogyo Co., Ltd. - Toa Kogyo Co., Ltd.

A national policy company founded in 1909 at the s...

Yoshikiyo Yokoyama

Year of death: December 2, 1879 Year of birth: 182...

Feeder cable

…In urban centers, underground cables are often l...

Availability

Availability. One of the items listed in RAS and R...

Oyano Bridge - Oyanobashi

…Five bridges at key points on the Amakusa Pearl ...

Gold embankment

A city on the Yellow Sea coast in the western part...

Record player

〘 noun 〙 (record player) A device that reproduces ...

Izuminomiya

…An imperial villa built by Emperor Gensho in Izu...