Pursuit collateral - Tsuidattampo

This refers to the seller's liability to guarantee against defects in the right that is the subject of a sale. It is called "security of repossession" in the sense of the liability in the event that the buyer is repossessed of the object by a third party who is the true right holder, but this is not an accurate term because the liability for guarantee against defects in rights recognized by the Civil Code is not limited to cases of repossession. There are four types of liability for guarantee against defects in rights: when someone else's right is sold (Civil Code Articles 561 and following), when the object of the sale is insufficient in quantity or partially lost (Civil Code Article 565), when the object of the sale has a third party's right of possession (such as a superficies or pledge) attached to it (Civil Code Article 566), and when ownership is lost due to the exercise of a secured right (a privilege of first refusal and a mortgage) (Civil Code Article 567). The content of the warranty varies depending on each of the above cases and the buyer's good or bad faith, but generally includes the right to cancel the contract and the right to claim damages, and in rare cases the right to claim a reduction in the purchase price.

[Takahisa Awaji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

売買の目的たる権利に瑕疵(かし)（欠陥）があることによる売り主の担保責任をいう。買い主が目的物を真正の権利者たる第三者から追奪された場合の責任という意味で「追奪担保」とよばれるが、民法の認める権利の瑕疵に対する担保責任は追奪の場合に限られないから正確な用語ではない。権利の瑕疵についての担保責任には、他人の権利を売買した場合（民法561条以下）、売買の目的物が数量不足および一部滅失の場合（同法565条）、売買の目的物に占有を内容とする他人の権利（地上権や質権など）が付着している場合（同法566条）、担保物権（先取(さきどり)特権および抵当権）の行使によって所有権を失った場合（同法567条）、の4種類がある。担保責任の内容は、前記のそれぞれの場合および買い主の善意・悪意によって異なるが、おおむね解除権および損害賠償請求権であり、まれに代金減額請求権が与えられている。

［淡路剛久］

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