A harmonic sequence is one in which the reciprocals of each term in a sequence form an arithmetic progression. A harmonic sequence is written in the form 1 / a , 1/( a + d ), 1/( a + 2d ), ..., with a and d as constants, and the nth term is a n = 1/ { a + ( n - 1 ) d }. If a1 , a2 , and a3 are a harmonic sequence, then 1 / a1 + 1 /a3 = 2/ a2 or 1/ a1 - 1/a2 = 1/a2 - 1/a3, i.e. a2 = 2a1a3 / ( a1 + a3 ) . This a2 is called the middle harmonic term of a1 and a3 . In addition , the relationship (a1 - a2 )/ ( a2 - a3 ) = a1 / a3 also holds. The sum of each term in a harmonic sequence is called a harmonic series. This series diverges when n →∞. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ある数列の各項の逆数がつくる数列が等差数列となるものを調和数列という。調和数列は a ,d を定数として,1/a ,1/(a+d) ,1/(a+2d) ,…の形に書かれ,その第 n 項は an=1/{a+(n-1)d} である。 a1 ,a2 ,a3 が調和数列ならば,1/a1+1/a3=2/a2 または 1/a1-1/a2=1/a2-1/a3 ,すなわち a2=2a1a3/(a1+a3) が成り立つ。この a2 を a1 と a3 の調和中項という。また (a1-a2)/(a2-a3)=a1/a3 という関係も成立する。調和数列の各項の和を調和級数 harmonic seriesという。この級数は n→∞ のとき発散する。
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