A sudden change in the water quality of the seashore causes the seaweed growing there to lose its physiological function and die, leaving the seabed reefs exposed and looking like burnt plains. This phenomenon is also called the desertification of the sea. Possible causes of the sudden change in water quality include flooding caused by heavy rainfall inland, which causes fresh water to flow in all at once and reduces the salinity of the seawater, and conversely, drought, which causes high-salt ocean water to rush to the coast. Another theory is that the cause is alkali leaching from concrete used in river bank construction and artificial fishing reefs. Since abalone and purple sea urchins feed on seaweed, this is also thought to be one of the causes. Because this has a major impact on the protection of fishery resources and farming fisheries, Marino Forum 21 has begun developing seaweed reefs where seaweed can easily take root and removing purple sea urchins to prevent seaweed bleaching. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
磯の水質の激変によって,そこに生えている海藻が生理機能を失った結果枯れてしまい,海底の岩礁が広く露出して焼け野原のようになる現象で,海の砂漠化ともいわれる。水質激変の原因には,内陸部の豪雨による出水で一気に真水が流れ込んで海水の塩分が低下する場合と,逆に旱魃(かんばつ)によって塩分濃度の高い外洋の海水が沿岸に押し寄せる場合などが考えられる。このほか,川の護岸工事や人工漁礁に使われるコンクリートから溶出するアルカリが原因との説もあり,アワビやムラサキウニが海藻を餌とすることから,これらの食害が原因のひとつともされている。水産資源の保護や栽培漁業に大きな影響を及ぼすため,マリノフォーラム21は,磯焼けを防ぐために海藻が根付きやすい海藻礁の開発や,ムラサキウニの除去などに乗り出している。
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