Increased

Japanese: 湛増 - たんぞう

Year of death: Shoji 2? (1200)
Year of birth: Unknown. A monk from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period. The 21st betto of Kumano. Son of the 18th betto, Tankai. Based in Tanabe, Kii Province (Wakayama Prefecture), he is thought to have led the Kumano navy. After serving as provisional betto, he became betto in October 1184 (Genryaku 1). His father assisted Taira no Kiyomori in the Heiji Rebellion (1159), and his sister married Taira no Tadatsune and sided with the Taira clan. The Tale of the Heike states that in 1180 (Jishō 4), he reported the rebellion of Emperor Mochihito to the Taira clan, prayed at Imakumano Shrine in Tanabe, and went to Toriai for divination, finally deciding to side with the Genji clan, led the navy, and joined Minamoto no Yoshitsune at Yashima in February 1185 (Bun'i 1), destroying the morale of the Taira clan. However, in reality, it seems that in 1184, he fought with his younger brother, started a rebellion, and began threatening the Taira clan. He also participated in the Battle of Dannoura in March 1121. In the Enkeihon Heike Monogatari, he is recorded as the son-in-law of Minamoto no Yoritomo. He became a Hoin in 1126. In May 1195, he met Yoritomo when he came to Kyoto. He may have resigned from his position as betto in 1196.

(Yoko Sakurai)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：正治2?(1200)
生年：生年不詳
平安末期・鎌倉初期の僧。熊野第21代別当。第18代別当湛快の子。紀伊国(和歌山県)田辺を本拠地とし,熊野水軍を統率していたと思われる。権別当を経て元暦1(1184)年10月別当。父は平治の乱(1159)で平清盛を助け,姉妹は平忠度に嫁し,平氏方に味方していた。『平家物語』では治承4(1180)年以仁王謀反を平氏方に通報したとし,また田辺の今熊野神社に祈請し,鶏合まで行って占い,ようやく源氏に味方することを決心して水軍を率い,文治1(1185)年2月に屋島の源義経に合流し,平家の士気を喪失させたとするが,実際は,治承4年には弟と戦い謀反を起こし,平家を脅かし始めていたようである。文治1年3月壇の浦の戦にも参加。『延慶本平家物語』には源頼朝の外戚の姨母聟と記されている。文治3年法印。建久6(1195)年5月には上洛した頼朝と対面をしている。建久9年別当を辞したか。

(櫻井陽子)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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