Fisheries system - Gyojouseido

Japanese: 漁場制度 - ぎょじょうせいど

Fishing in the Edo and Meiji periods was mostly coastal fishing, an industry that harvested fish, shellfish, and algae that lived and flourished in natural bodies of water. Some of these fish, shellfish, and algae were attached to fishing grounds and did not move, but even fish that were attached to the grounds inevitably moved quite a bit, and there are also many migratory fish that move over wide areas of water. Unlike land, it is difficult to define clear boundaries for water areas, as the water itself moves due to ocean currents and tides, and the fish that are the target of fishing also move, making fishing grounds extremely fluid.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸～明治期の漁業はほとんど沿岸漁業であり，天然の水域に生息繁茂している魚介藻類を採取する産業であった。その魚介藻類は漁場に付着して移動しないものもあるが，根付きの魚類にしてもかなりの移動は避けられないし，また広範な水域を移動する回遊魚も少なくない。もともと海流･潮流など水自体の移動もあり，水域は陸地と異なりはっきりした区域設定の困難なものであるが，さらに漁獲対象となる魚類が移動するのであるから，漁場はきわめて流動的なものとなる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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