Generally, it is an Arabic word meaning "spoils of war." According to the theory of Islamic jurists, ghanima means spoils obtained as a result of actual combat, whereas fa'i means spoils obtained without combat. Four-fifths of the former were distributed to the warriors and one-fifth of that became public property, while the latter was not distributed at all and became public property. However, scholars today question whether the two were strictly distinguished during the process of conquest. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一般的には「戦利品」を意味するアラビア語。イスラム法学者の理論によれば,ガニーマとは実際の戦闘行為の結果として得られた戦利品を意味し,これに対して戦闘行為なしに獲得した戦利品はファイとされた。前者はその5分の4が戦士に分配され,その5分の1は公のものになり,後者はすべてが分配されずに公の所有となった。しかし,征服の過程でこの両者が厳密に区別されていたかどうか,今日の学者は疑問視している。
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