Tama

Japanese: たま
Tama
A term used in Japanese music. It is mainly used for the shamisen and hayashi of Nagauta. It refers to improvising a melody that is not in the original work, or to that part. The origin of the word is unclear, but it is said to have been used at the end of the Edo period. Generally, the tatejiyamisen (the chief shamisen player) plays the "tama" part alone, and the other shamisen players play the "chi" melody (the melody of the original work), but sometimes the shamisen players take turns playing the "tama" part.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
邦楽の用語。主として長唄の三味線や囃子に用いられることば。原作にない旋律を即興的に演奏することや,その部分のことを指す。語源についてははっきりしていないが,江戸時代の末期には用いられていたという。一般には立三味線(たてじやみせん)(首席の三味線奏者)が1人で〈たま〉の部分を弾き,他の三味線奏者たちは〈地〉の旋律(原作の旋律)を奏するが,時として三味線奏者たちが1人ずつ交替で,〈たま〉を受け持つこともある。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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