Tarpan - Tarpan (English spelling) tarpan

Japanese: ターパン - たーぱん(英語表記)tarpan
Tarpan - Tarpan (English spelling) tarpan

An animal of the order Perissodactyla, family Equidae. Also called the Tarpan. It was distributed throughout Europe and parts of Asia, but became extinct in 1896. It is considered to be one of the original species of domestic horses. It is considered to be a separate subspecies from the Przewalski's horse ( E. c. przewalskii ). There are two types of Tarpans: the large Sauer Tarpan, which lived in the grasslands of southern Russia, and the Siberian Tarpan, which lived in the forests of central and eastern Europe. The former is 1.3 meters tall, and the latter is 1.2 meters tall. Its body color is gray, with a black mane and tail, and a wide black stripe running down its back. It is thought to have become extinct due to hunting by humans. Efforts to reconstruct the Tarpan began in Poland and Germany in the 1930s, based on the Polish horse Konik, which is very similar to the Siberian Tarpan. Since the 1950s, horses whose appearance and shape resemble the original have been restored and kept as tarpans in European and American zoos.

[Iya Katsunori]

"World Animals Classification and Rearing 4: Perissodactyla, Tubulodonta, Hyracoidea, and Sirenia" edited by Yoshinori Imaizumi (1984, Tokyo Zoological Park Society)

[References] | Horses | Przewalski's horse

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

哺乳(ほにゅう)綱奇蹄(きてい)目ウマ科の動物。タルパンともいう。ヨーロッパ全域とアジアの一部に分布していたが、1896年に絶滅した。家畜のウマの原種の一つと考えられている。モウコノウマ(プシバルスキーウマ)E. c. przewalskiiとは別亜種とされる。ターパンには、南ロシアの草原にいた大形のソウゲンターパンと、ヨーロッパ中・東部の森林にいたシンリンターパンの2タイプが知られている。体高は、前者が1.3メートル、後者が1.2メートル。体色はねずみ色で、たてがみと尾は黒色、背中に幅広い黒縞(じま)が通る。人間による狩猟が絶滅の原因と考えられている。シンリンターパンによく似た、ポーランドのコニックというウマなどをもとに、ターパンを復原する努力が1930年代にポーランドとドイツで始められた。50年代以降、欧米の動物園で姿や形が原型に似たウマが復原されターパンとして飼われている。

[祖谷勝紀]

『今泉吉典監修『世界の動物 分類と飼育4 奇蹄目・管歯目・ハイラックス目・海牛目』(1984・東京動物園協会)』

[参照項目] | ウマ | モウコノウマ

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