Tanaka Kinuyo

Japanese: 田中絹代 - たなかきぬよ
Tanaka Kinuyo

Actress. Film director. Born on December 29, 1909, in Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture. She became an apprentice to Miyazaki Kinjo of Chikuzen Biwa, dropped out of elementary school in Osaka, and performed on stage with the Biwa Girls' Opera Company. In 1924 (Taisho 13), at the age of 14, she joined Shochiku Shimokamo Studio. She made her debut as a maid in Genroku Onna. In 1925, she moved to Shochiku Kamata Studio, and in 1927, she received favorable reviews for her role as a geisha in Gosho Heinosuke's Shameful Dream. In 1928, she appeared in "Modern Musha Shugyo" directed by Ushihara Kiyohiko (1897-1985) and starring Suzuki Denmei (1900-1985). Her popularity led to her appearing in "Kangetsu Jidai" and "Riku no Ouja" (1928), solidifying the popularity of the golden trio of Kiyohiko, Denmei and Kinuyo. She became a star of Kamata Eiga in films such as Gosho Heinosuke's "Mura no Hanayome" (1928) and Ozu Yasujiro's "Daigaku wa Detakedakero" (1929). Her voice captivated fans in Japan's first full-scale talkie, "Madame to Nyobo" (1931). In 1935 (Showa 10), she broke new ground in Shimazu Yasujiro's "Shunkinsho: Okoto and Sasuke". In 1938, she played the heroine in Hiromasa Nomura's (1905-1979) smash hit Aizen Katsura, becoming a nationally acclaimed actress. In 1940, she starred in her first Mizoguchi Kenji film, Naniwa Onna, and made her mark as an actress. After World War II, she reached the height of her maturity in films such as Saikaku Ichidai Onna (1952), Ugetsu Monogatari (1953), and Sansho Dayu (1954), all directed by Mizoguchi. She appeared in films directed by many big-name directors, including Ozu, Naruse Mikio, Gosho, and Kinoshita Keisuke. She made her directorial debut in 1953 with Koibumi (Love Letter), and went on to direct six films. She passed away on March 21, 1977, at the age of 67.

[Shohei Sakajiri]

"Tanaka Kinuyo and others, 'The Fate of an Actress - My Resume' (2006, Nihon Keizai Shimbun)""Tanaka Kinuyo - Japanese Film Actresses 1', edited by Ishiwari Taira and Maruo Toshiro (2008, Wise Publishing) " ▽ "Showa Actresses - Beauties Still Loved Today', with a preface by Irako (2012, PHP Research Institute)""Shindo Kaneto, 'The Novel Tanaka Kinuyo' (Bunshun Bunko)""Furukawa Kaoru, 'Flowers and Storms - The Life of Actress Tanaka Kinuyo' (Bunshun Bunko)"

[References] | Aizen Katsura | The Dancer of Izu | The Tale of Ugetsu | Mother | Brother | Kinoshita Keisuke | Gosho Heinosuke|Saikaku 's Life | Shimazu Yasujiro | Chikuzen Biwa | Flowing | Naruse Mikio | Japanese Film | Madame and Wife | Mizoguchi Kenji

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

女優。映画監督。明治42年12月29日、山口県下関(しものせき)市生まれ。筑前琵琶(ちくぜんびわ)の宮崎錦城(きんじょう)に弟子入り、大阪の小学校を中退して琵琶少女歌劇団の舞台に立つ。1924年(大正13)、14歳で松竹下加茂(しもかも)撮影所に入社。『元禄女(げんろくおんな)』の腰元役でデビュー。1925年、松竹蒲田(かまた)撮影所に移り、1927年、五所平之助(ごしょへいのすけ)の『恥(はずか)しい夢』の芸者役で好評を得る。1928年、牛原虚彦(うしはらきよひこ)(1897―1985)監督・鈴木伝明(でんめい)(1900―1985)主演の『近代武者修行』に出演、好評につき『感激時代』『陸の王者』(1928)などに連続出演し、虚彦、伝明、絹代のゴールデン・トリオの人気を不動のものとする。五所平之助の『村の花嫁』(1928)、小津安二郎(おづやすじろう)の『大学は出たけれど』(1929)などで蒲田映画のスターとなる。本邦初の本格的トーキー『マダムと女房』(1931)では、その声でファンを魅了する。1935年(昭和10)には、島津保次郎(やすじろう)の『春琴抄(しゅんきんしょう)・お琴と佐助』で、新境地を開く。1938年、野村浩将(ひろまさ)(1905―1979)の大ヒット作『愛染かつら』のヒロインを演じ、国民的女優となる。1940年、『浪花女(なにわおんな)』で初めて溝口健二作品に主演、女優として開眼する。第二次世界大戦後は、溝口の『西鶴一代女(さいかくいちだいおんな)』(1952)、『雨月物語(うげつものがたり)』(1953)、『山椒大夫(さんしょうだゆう)』(1954)などで、円熟の極みに達する。小津、成瀬巳喜男(なるせみきお)、五所、木下恵介(けいすけ)など、多数の大物監督の映画に出演。1953年『恋文』で監督デビュー、6本の監督作を残す。昭和52年3月21日、死去。享年67歳。

[坂尻昌平]

『田中絹代他著『女優の運命――私の履歴書』(2006・日本経済新聞社)』『石割平編著・円尾俊郎編『田中絹代――日本の映画女優1』(2008・ワイズ出版)』『伊良子序著『昭和の女優――今も愛され続ける美神たち』(2012・PHP研究所)』『新藤兼人著『小説 田中絹代』(文春文庫)』『古川薫著『花も嵐も 女優・田中絹代の生涯』(文春文庫)』

[参照項目] | 愛染かつら | 伊豆の踊子 | 雨月物語 | おかあさん | おとうと | 木下恵介 | 五所平之助 | 西鶴一代女 | 島津保次郎 | 筑前琵琶 | 流れる | 成瀬巳喜男 | 日本映画 | マダムと女房 | 溝口健二

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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