Tanaka Hill Corner - Tanaka Hill Corner

Agricultural politician of the mid-Edo period. Born in Hirazawa Village, Tama County, Musashi Province (Akiruno City, Tokyo). His real surname was Kuboshima. His given name was Yoshihisa. He was called Kyuugu and Kyuuguemon. From an early age, he worked as a farmer and peddled silk fabrics, broadening his horizons. He was later adopted by Tanaka Hyogo, head of the Tokaido Kawasaki-shuku headquarters, and in 1705 (Hoei 2), he also served as village headman and wholesaler. In 1708, in order to restore the finances of Kawasaki-shuku, he petitioned the Kanto Gundai Ina for permission to handle ferry rights over the Rokugo River, which was granted the following year, laying the foundation for the prosperity of Kawasaki-shuku. In 1721 (Kyoho 6), he completed the three-volume, 77-item "Minminsho Seiyo," a document on agricultural policy and its opinions, and his teacher, Narushima Dochiku, presented it to Shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune through Ooka Tadasuke. Due to these achievements, in 1720 he was ordered to serve as a river construction worker, and carried out flood control of the Arakawa and Tamagawa rivers in Musashi Province, repairs to the Nigaryo and Omaru irrigation canals, and built the Bunmeitei Dam to control the flooding of the Sakawa River in Sagami Province. In 1726 he was made a shogun with a stipend of 30 people and controlled 30,000 koku under Ooka, but died on December 22nd of the same year in Edo at the age of 68.

[Nao Murakami]

"Koutaro Ishii, "Draft Chronology of Tanaka Kyuuguemon" (included in "Kawasaki City Cultural Property Survey Collection" Vol. 6, 1970, Kawasaki City)" ▽ "Nao Murakami, "Major Officials of the Edo Shogunate" (1983, Kokusho Kankokai)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の農政家。武蔵(むさし)国多摩郡平沢村（東京都あきる野市）に生まれる。本姓窪島氏。諱(いみな)は喜古(よしひさ)。休愚(きゅうぐ)、休愚右衛門(きゅうぐえもん)と称した。幼少のころより農業のかたわら、絹織物の行商をしながら見聞を広め、のち東海道川崎宿の本陣田中兵庫(ひょうご)の養子となり、1705年（宝永2）に名主・問屋役も兼帯する。08年川崎宿の財政立て直しのため、六郷(ろくごう)川渡船権の取扱いを関東郡代伊奈氏に上申し、翌年許され、川崎宿繁栄の基礎を築く。1721年（享保6）に農政およびその意見書である『民間省要(せいよう)』3巻77項目を脱稿、師の成島道筑(なるしまどうちく)により大岡忠相(ただすけ)を通じ将軍徳川吉宗(よしむね)に献上された。これらの実績により23年に川方御普請(かわかたごふしん)御用を命ぜられ、武蔵国荒川・多摩川の治水、二ヶ領用水・大丸(おおまる)用水の改修工事を行い、相模(さがみ)国酒匂(さかわ)川の治水のため文命堤(ぶんめいてい)を築いた。29年三十人扶持(ぶち)支配勘定格となり、大岡配下で3万石を支配したが、同年12月22日、江戸において68歳で没した。

［村上　直］

『石井光太郎「田中休愚右衛門年譜稿」（『川崎市文化財調査集録』6所収・1970・川崎市）』▽『村上直著『江戸幕府の代官』（1983・国書刊行会）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例