Abnormal oxidation number - Ijyousankasu

Japanese: 異常酸化数 - イジョウサンカスウ
Abnormal oxidation number - Ijyousankasu
All elements normally have one or several oxidation numbers when forming compounds, but for some elements, especially transition elements, a very large number of compounds with different oxidation numbers are known, and among them, compounds with oxidation numbers that are not normally seen are called compounds with abnormal oxidation numbers. For example, these can be found in many types of compounds, such as metal carbonyls and metal nitrosyls, which have been known for a long time, rare gas compounds that were not known for a long time, as well as cyano complexes, isonitrile complexes, phosphine complexes, bipyridine complexes, organometallic compounds with sandwich structures, and fluoro complexes.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
すべての元素は,化合物をつくるとき一つあるいはいくつかの一定の酸化数をとるのが普通であるが,ある種の元素,とくに遷移元素などでは,きわめて多くの種類の酸化数の化合物が知られており,そのなかでも通常ではみられないような酸化数の化合物を,異常酸化数の化合物といっている。たとえば,古くから知られていた金属カルボニル,金属ニトロシル,古くは知られていなかった希ガス化合物,あるいは遷移金属のシアノ錯塩,イソニトリル錯塩,ホスフィン錯塩,ビピリジン錯塩,サンドイッチ構造を有する有機金属化合物,フルオロ錯塩など多くの種類の化合物でみられる。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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