French composer. The Couperins are a family of French musicians comparable to the German Bachs. He is called Couperin the Elder. Born in Paris on November 10, he learned music from his father Charles (1638-79) from an early age. After his father's death, he became an organist at the Church of Saint-Gervais in Paris at the age of 11. Delalande actually played in his place for the first few years, but he remained in the position until 1723. In 1693, he was selected as one of the four organists at the Royal Chapel of the Palace of Versailles, and from the following year he taught music to the children of the royal family and the court, and played the clubsin (harpsichord) at concerts within the palace. During this time, from 1713 to 1726, he published a series of clubsin music and chamber music, which were his main creative genres. He died in Paris on September 11, 1733. His music for the clubsin consisted of dances and short pieces in rondeaux form, most of which had poetic and fantastical titles such as "The Nightingale in Love" and "The Bells of Cythera". A suite was made up of between four and 22 pieces. Couperin left behind 22 suites of this type, which were published in four volumes. His style was characterized by the use of delicate and colorful ornaments, and was full of wit, irony, and melancholy. In chamber music, he achieved an elegant and refined expression of the Rococo style, while fusing the Italian style represented by Corelli with the French style represented by Lully. His representative works are "Honour de Lully" and "Honour de Corelli", both of which have detailed titles. He wrote "Essay on playing the clubsin" in 1716, and Bach also studied this work. [Yoshio Miyama] "Couperin" by Pierre Citron, translated by Ikko Toyama (1970, Hakusuisha) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの作曲家。クープラン家はドイツのバッハ家に比されるフランスの音楽家の家系。彼を大クープランとよぶ。11月10日パリに生まれ、幼少時より父シャルル(1638―79)から音楽を学んだ。父の死により11歳でパリのサン・ジェルベ教会のオルガン奏者に就任、実際には最初の数年間はドラランドが演奏を代行したが、以後は1723年まで在職した。1693年ベルサイユ宮殿の王室礼拝堂の4人のオルガン奏者の1人に選ばれ、翌年からは王室や宮廷の子女に音楽を教え、また宮廷内の演奏会でクラブサン(チェンバロ)を演奏した。この間、1713年から26年にかけて、彼の主要な創作のジャンルであるクラブサンの音楽と室内楽曲を次々に出版した。33年9月11日パリで没。 彼のクラブサンの音楽は、舞曲やロンドー形式の小品で、ほとんどが「恋するうぐいす」「シテールの鐘」のような詩的で空想的な題名が付されており、これが4曲から22曲集められて一つの組曲をなしている。この種の組曲をクープランは22残し、それらは4巻の曲集に分けて出版された。繊細で多彩な装飾音を多用し、機知とイロニー、憂愁にあふれた作風を特徴としている。室内楽曲では、コレッリに代表されるイタリア様式とリュリのフランス様式の融合を図りつつ、優雅で洗練されたロココ様式の表現を完成した。この代表作は、ともに細かな標題をもつ『リュリ讃(さん)』『コレッリ讃』である。彼は1716年に『クラブサン奏法』を著し、バッハもこの著作を学んでいる。 [美山良夫] 『ピエール・シトロン著、遠山一行訳『クープラン』(1970・白水社)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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