A cultural trend that was influential in Poland from the early 17th century to the mid-18th century. It originated from the legend that the Sarmatians (→Sarmat), an Iranian nomadic people of Central Asia, were the ancestors of the Polish nobility (→Szlachta). It corresponds to the Baroque of Western Europe. It coincided with the period of economic and political decline of the Polish state and the Counter-Reformation. Unlike Western Europe, the center of cultural activity was not the royal courts or cities, but mainly the castles of the great nobility and the mansions of the minor nobles. There is a lot to see in literature, music, theater, plastic arts, and architecture, but it is generally characterized by intolerance of foreign cultures, politics, and religions, traditionalism, self-satisfaction, affirmation of the status quo, class and ethnic megalomania, and xenophobia. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
17世紀初め頃から 18世紀中頃にかけてポーランドで有力であった文化潮流。中央アジアのイラン系遊牧民族サルマティア人 (→サルマート ) がポーランド貴族 (→シュラフタ ) の祖先であるという伝説に由来。西ヨーロッパのバロックに対応。ポーランド国家の経済的・政治的衰退期,反宗教改革期に一致した。西ヨーロッパと異なって国王の宮廷や都市ではなく,主として大貴族の城館,小貴族の屋敷が文化活動の中心をなした。文学,音楽,演劇,造形美術,建築などにおいてみるべきものが少くないが,一般に外来の文化・政治・宗教体系に対する不寛容,伝統主義,自己満足,現状肯定,身分的・民族的誇大妄想,外国人排斥などによって特徴づけられる。
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