Takebe Katahiro

Japanese: 建部賢弘 - たけべかたひろ
Takebe Katahiro

A Japanese mathematician in the mid-Edo period. He went by the pen name Fukkyu. He was born in Edo in June 1666. His father, Naotsune, had four sons, and Katahiro was the third. He became interested in arithmetic at an early age, and at the age of 13, he and his brother became disciples of Seki Takakazu. At the age of 20, he wrote Kenki sanpo, a book on Tengenjutsu. At the age of 22, in response to scholars who criticized Seki Takakazu's work Hatsubisanpo (1674), he wrote Endangenkai, a book on Tenzanjutsu. This made Tenzanjutsu widely known. Next, at the age of 27, he translated the Chinese work "Sangaku Keimou" (1299) by Zhu Shijie into Japanese and wrote "Sangaku Keimou Genkai Taisei" (1690). "Genkai" means that a book written in Chinese is interpreted in Japanese. As mentioned above, all of Katahiro's published works are commentaries, but there are some important copies that remain. One of his major works is "Tetsujutsu Sankei" (1722). This book was presented to the shogun, and the widely used version is called "Bukkyu Sensei Tsujijutsu" or "Bukkyu Tsujijutsu" for short. There are some differences in content between this and "Tetsujutsu Sankei," but both are known to the world as almost the only books that describe the methodology of Japanese mathematics. Another important work of his is the 20-volume "Daisei Sankei." This was started by Seki Takakazu, Takebe Katahiro, and his elder brother Takebe Kataaki, who jointly sought to compile the mathematics of the Seki school. At first Katahiro was in charge, but towards the middle of the project Takakazu became frequently ill and Katahiro became busy with official duties, so later Kataaki took over the project and it was completed at the end of the Hoei period (1704-1711).

Katahiro first served the 7th Shogun, Ietsugu, but after his death he served the 8th Shogun, Yoshimune, and was highly esteemed. He was ordered to create a map of Japan, which he completed in 1723 (8th year of the Kyoho era). He died on July 20th, 4th year of the Genbun era. His stipend was 300 koku, the same as Seki Takakazu.

[Shinichi Oya]

[Reference] | Zejutsu Sankyo

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

江戸中期の和算家。不休と号した。寛文(かんぶん)4年6月江戸に生まれる。父直恒(なおつね)に四男あり、賢弘はその三男である。幼くして算数に興味をもち、13歳のとき兄とともに関孝和(せきたかかず)の門に入った。20歳のとき『研幾算法』を著す。天元(てんげん)術の書物である。22歳のとき、関孝和の著作『発微算法(はつびさんぽう)』(1674)を批判する学者がいるのに対し、『発微算法演段諺解(えんだんげんかい)』を著した。これは点竄(てんざん)術の書物である。これによって点竄術は一般に知られるようになった。続いて27歳のとき、中国の朱世傑(しゅせいけつ)の『算学啓蒙(けいもう)』(1299)を和訳して『算学啓蒙諺解大成』(1690)を著した。「諺解」は、漢文で書かれた本を和文で解釈したという意味である。賢弘の著作のうち刊本となった主要なものは以上のとおりすべて注釈書であるが、写本で残されたものには重要なものがある。その主要なものには『綴術算経(てつじゅつさんけい)』(1722)がある。これは将軍に献上した書物で、一般に普及した書物には『不休先生綴術』あるいは略して『不休綴術』とよばれている。これは『綴術算経』と内容に少異があるが、いずれも和算の方法論を書いたほとんど唯一の書物として世に知られている。なお彼の重要な仕事には『大成算経』20巻がある。これは関孝和、建部賢弘、その兄建部賢明(かたあき)の3人が合議して関流の数学を集大成しようと始めたものであり、初めは賢弘が中心となったが、中ごろ孝和は病気がちとなり、賢弘は公務に忙しくなったため、のちには賢明が取りまとめ、宝永(ほうえい)(1704~1711)の末に完成したものである。

 賢弘は初め7代将軍家継(いえつぐ)に仕えたが、その没するや8代将軍吉宗(よしむね)に仕え重視され、日本総図製作を命ぜられ、1723年(享保8)完成した。元文(げんぶん)4年7月20日死亡。俸禄(ほうろく)300俵、関孝和と同じであった。

[大矢真一]

[参照項目] | 綴術算経

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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