A general term for compounds in which a carbon atom is bonded to a sulfur group -SO 3 H. The name is derived by adding sulfonic acid to the parent hydrocarbon name. Aromatic sulfonic acids, ArSO 3 H (Ar is an aryl group), are prepared by sulfonation of aromatic hydrocarbons with sulfuric acid or oleum, or by oxidation of the corresponding thiophenols or sulfinic acids. Aliphatic sulfonic acids, RSO 3 H (R is an alkyl group), are prepared by oxidation of alkanes with sulfur trioxide, halides with sodium bisulfite, or mercaptans. They are colorless and have a relatively high melting point. They are highly hygroscopic and often deliquescent. In an aqueous solution, they release protons (H +) and exhibit acid properties. RSO 3 H+H 2 ORSO 3 - +H 3 O + C6H5SO3Na + NaOH [Kiyoshi Mutai] [References] | | | | | [Supplementary information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
炭素原子にスルホ基-SO3Hの結合した化合物の総称。名称は、母体の炭化水素名にスルホン酸をつける。 芳香族スルホン酸ArSO3H(Arはアリール基)は、芳香族炭化水素を硫酸または発煙硫酸でスルホン化して合成する。また、相当するチオフェノールやスルフィン酸の酸化でも得られる。脂肪族スルホン酸RSO3H(Rはアルキル基)は、アルカンと三酸化硫黄(いおう)、ハロゲン化合物と亜硫酸水素ナトリウム、メルカプタンの酸化などの方法で合成する。 無色で、比較的融点が高い。吸湿性が強く潮解性を示すものが多い。水溶液中では、プロトンH+を放出し、酸としての性質を示す。 RSO3H+H2ORSO3-+H3O+ C6H5SO3Na+NaOH [務台 潔] [参照項目] | | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Sulfonation - Suruhonka (English spelling)
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