Takamatsu Domain

A domain located in Kagawa County, Sanuki Province (Kagawa Prefecture). In 1587 (Tensho 15), Ikoma Chikamasa was given 173,000 koku of rice for the whole of Sanuki Province by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and entered the domain. The Ikoma clan held the domain for over 50 years until 1640 (Kan'ei 17), when the fourth lord, Takatoshi, was transferred to Yajima in Dewa Province (Akita Prefecture) after the Ikoma Disturbance. In 1642, Matsudaira Yorishige, son of Tokugawa Yorifusa, lord of Mito Domain, entered the domain and was given 120,000 koku of rice in eastern Sanuki. A relative domain. The period under the Matsudaira clan is usually called Takamatsu Domain. Yorishige was Yorifusa's eldest son, but the Mito Domain was succeeded by his second son, Mitsukuni. Mitsukuni appointed his eldest son, Yoritsune, as the lord of Takamatsu Domain, and Yorishige's son, Tsunaeda, as the lord of Mito Domain. The first lord, Yorishige, first tried to form a castle town, laying waterworks in 20 blocks in the northeastern part of the city, and concentrating samurai residences in the southwestern part and town houses in the southeastern part. Marugame-cho, Kajiya-cho, Konya-cho, Daiku-cho, and Kawara-cho, which can be seen in Takamatsu today, are remnants of this era. He also built over 400 reservoirs in various places, reclaimed the coast, and established Yashima Shinden, solidifying the foundations of the domain's administration. The second lord, Yoritsune, also tried to establish the domain's finances, and in 1696 (Genroku 9), he enacted 21 laws that became the domain's basic policy. The fifth lord, Yoritaka, encouraged sugar production, which rapidly spread thereafter. Along with sugar, cotton and salt were also produced, and these three products are known as the "Sanuki Sanpaku." These were a major source of revenue for the Takamatsu Domain. The region was particularly blessed with favorable geographical and climatic conditions for salt production, and salt fields were rapidly developed and increased from the Kasei period (1804-1830). The Sakaide Salt Fields, opened by Kume Eizaemon (Michikata), are particularly famous among the Sanuki salt fields, and salt was produced there until recently, boasting the highest production volume in the country. Lacquerware, which began around the Bunsei period (1818-1830), has been passed down to the present day as one of the traditional industries, and is famous as Sanuki lacquerware. The Matsudaira clan ruled the domain for 11 generations, until the abolition of the domains and the establishment of prefectures.

[Shigeru Hashizume]

"Newly Revised History of Takamatsu City I-III (1964-69, Takamatsu City)" ▽ "Takamatsu Prosperity Chronicle, 5 volumes, by Arai Tomio (1980, Rekishi Toshosha)" ▽ "The Life of Matsudaira Yorishige, Founder of Takamatsu Domain, by Matsuura Shoichi (1964, Matsudaira Public Interest Association)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

讃岐(さぬき)国（香川県）香川郡に置かれた藩。1587年（天正15）生駒親正(いこまちかまさ)が豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉より讃岐一国17万3000石を与えられ入封。以後4代高俊(たかとし)のとき生駒騒動が起き出羽(でわ)国（秋田県）矢島に転封された1640年（寛永17）まで50余年間生駒氏が在封した。1642年、水戸藩主徳川頼房(よりふさ)の子松平頼重(よりしげ)が入封し、東讃岐12万石を領す。親藩。松平氏による時代を通常高松藩とよぶ。頼重は頼房の長男であったが、水戸藩は次男光圀(みつくに)が継いだ。そこで光圀は長子頼常を高松藩主に、頼重の子綱條(つなえだ)を水戸藩主とした。初代頼重はまず城下町形成を図り、街の北東部20か町に水道を敷設し、侍屋敷は南西部に、町屋は南東部に集めた。現在高松市内にみられる丸亀(まるがめ)町、鍛冶屋(かじや)町、紺屋町、大工町、瓦(かわら)町などはこの時代の名残(なごり)である。また各地に溜池(ためいけ)400余を築造、海岸の埋立て、屋島(やしま)新田の開設を行うなど藩政の基礎を固めた。2代頼常も藩財政の確立を図り、1696年（元禄9）法令21か条を制定して藩の基本方針とした。5代頼恭(よりたか)は砂糖製造を奨励したため、これ以後急速に普及した。砂糖とともに綿、塩の生産も盛んで、この3品をもって「讃岐三白」とよんでいる。これらは高松藩の大きな財源であった。とくに塩の生産は地理的、気候的条件にも恵まれているため、化政(かせい)期（1804～30）以降塩田が急激に開拓され、増加した。久米(くめ)栄左衛門（通賢(みちかた)）によって開かれた坂出(さかいで)塩田は、讃岐塩田のなかでもとくに有名であり、近年まで製塩が行われ全国一の生産高を誇った。また文政(ぶんせい)（1818～30）ごろから始められた漆器は、伝統的産業の一つとして現在に引き継がれ、讃岐漆器として有名である。藩主松平氏は11代続き、廃藩置県に至る。

［橋詰　茂］

『『新修高松市史Ⅰ～Ⅲ』（1964～69・高松市）』▽『荒井とみ三著『高松繁昌記』全5巻（1980・歴史図書社）』▽『松浦正一著『高松藩祖松平頼重伝』（1964・松平公益会）』

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