Stone bridge - Shakkyo

Japanese: 石橋 - しゃっきょう

(1) A Noh piece. The fifth piece. A five-school current piece. The composer is unknown. This piece is centered around the most intense lion dance in all Noh. Ishibashi is a stone bridge that leads to the Pure Land of Manjustra. The opening scene, in which a hermit tells the story of the bridge to the monk Jakusho who is about to cross it, effectively depicts a deep mountain valley. A lion, the sacred animal of the bodhisattva, appears and dances wildly among peonies. (2) The title of a jiuta/nagauta piece based on (1). The jiuta piece was written by the first Segawa Michikō and composed by Yoshizawa Kinshichi and Wakamura Tōshichō (there are other theories). It is a surviving piece of kabuki theater from Kyoto and Osaka around the beginning of the 18th century. The lyrics are inserted and removed depending on the lineage. It is also used in the dance of Kamigatamai. The nagauta piece was composed by Kineya Rokuzaemon 10th in 1820. This piece uses the lyrics of "Stone Bridge" from the Gekibushi, a piece performed during the Genroku period. It is also known as "Gekibushi Stone Bridge" or "Oishibashi". There are many other Kabuki dance pieces that incorporate the lion dance elements of the Noh piece "Stone Bridge", forming a group of Japanese musical pieces known collectively as "Stone Bridge pieces". Some of the famous Nagauta dance pieces are "Aioijishi", "Makurajishi", "Chuchakjishi", "Renjishi" and "Kagamijishi".
→ Related items: Noh plays | Shojo | Shosaku

Stone bridge

A bridge made primarily of stone, brick, and concrete. It is also called a masonry bridge. These materials are weak in tension but strong in compression, so they are mainly used as arch bridges. Stone arch bridges were the most common type of bridge, but since the advent of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete bridges, they are rarely built. A typical example in Japan is Nagasaki's Meganebashi Bridge (completed in 1634, 23m long).
→ Related topics Bridges

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

（１）能の曲目。五番目物。五流現行。作者不明。能の中で最も激しい獅子(しし)舞を中心とした曲。石橋は文珠菩薩の浄土にかかる石の橋。それを渡ろうとする寂照法師に仙童が橋のいわれを語る前段は深山幽谷の景を描いて効果的である。そこへ菩薩の霊獣獅子が現れ牡丹(ぼたん)の間を舞い狂う。（２）（１）を原拠とする地歌・長唄の曲名。地歌は初世瀬川路考作詞，芳沢金七・若村藤四郎作曲（異説あり）。18世紀初めころの京坂の歌舞伎芝居歌が遺存したもの。系統によって詞章に抜き差しがある。上方舞の舞地にも使用。長唄は，1820年10世杵屋六左衛門作曲。元禄期に行われた外記(げき)節の《石橋》の詞章を利用したもの。《外記節石橋》《大石橋》とも。　このほか，能の《石橋》の獅子舞の趣向を取り入れてアレンジした歌舞伎舞踊作品は数多く，邦楽曲の中に石橋物と総称される作品群を形成している。長唄舞踊曲の《相生獅子》《枕獅子》《執着獅子》《連獅子》《鏡獅子》などが有名。
→関連項目切能物｜猩々｜所作事

石橋【いしばし】

石材，煉瓦，コンクリートを主材料とした橋。石工橋ともいう。これらの材料は引張りに弱く，圧縮に強いのでおもにアーチ橋として使用され，石積みアーチ橋は橋の代表であったが，鉄筋コンクリート，PSコンクリートの橋が出現してからはほとんど作られない。日本の代表的な例に長崎の眼鏡橋（1634年完成，橋長23m）など。
→関連項目橋

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