When a is a constant, for a number x , log a A =log b A /log b a ……(6) Logarithms with base 10 are called common logarithms. The following calculations can be performed on common logarithms. log 10 2000 As an example of calculation using logarithms:
For a long time, logarithmic calculations have been useful in reducing the effort required for numerical calculations, but in recent years, with the development of computers, their use has decreased. A logarithmic scale is a number line with the coordinates log 10 x marked with x . Graph paper using this scale is called logarithmic graph paper, and is used to find empirical formulas. In addition to common logarithms, logarithms with base e are also widely used. [Tsuneo Uetake] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
aを定数とするとき、数xに対し、 logaA=logbA/logba……(6) 10を底とする対数を常用対数という。常用対数については次のような計算ができる。 log102000 対数を用いる計算例として
長い間、対数計算は数値計算の労力を減らすのに役だってきたが、近年、コンピュータの発達によって、利用されることが少なくなった。数直線で、座標log10xの点にxと目盛ったものを対数目盛りとよぶ。この目盛りを用いた方眼紙を対数方眼紙といい、実験式を求めたりするのに利用される。常用対数のほかに、eを底とする対数も広く用いられている。 [植竹恒男] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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