Tachycardia

Japanese: 頻脈 - ひんみゃく(英語表記)tachycardia
Tachycardia

A pulse rate of 100 or more beats per minute is called tachycardia, and is classified as sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, or ventricular tachycardia depending on the site of stimulation of the increased heart rate. Tachycardia can also occur with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Sinus tachycardia can occur due to physiological causes such as exercise and fever, as well as non-cardiac causes such as hyperthyroidism, severe anemia, and pulmonary insufficiency. Tachycardia often occurs when there is heart failure. In all cases, treatment of the underlying disease takes priority.

Ventricular tachycardia, which is one of the arrhythmias that causes tachycardia, occurs less frequently, but if left untreated it can easily progress to ventricular fibrillation, a fatal arrhythmia, so it is necessary to diagnose it properly and treat it early. It usually occurs in conjunction with organic heart disease, and when this tachycardia occurs, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorates and falls into heart failure.

[Michitoshi Inoue]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

脈拍が1分間に100以上ある場合を頻脈といい、増加した心拍の刺激発生部位により、洞性頻脈、上室性頻拍症、心室性頻拍症に分類される。また、心房細動、心房粗動でも頻脈になることがある。洞性頻脈は運動や発熱などの生理的原因のほか、甲状腺(せん)機能亢進(こうしん)症、高度の貧血、肺機能不全などの心臓以外の原因によってもおこる。心不全がある場合にも頻脈になることが多い。いずれも原因疾患の治療が優先される。

 頻脈をおこす不整脈のうちで心室性頻拍症は、その発生頻度は少ないが、放置すれば致死的な不整脈である心室細動に移行しやすいので、適確に診断して早期に治療する必要がある。普通は器質的心疾患に伴って出現することが多く、この頻拍症がおこると患者の状態は急激に悪化し、心不全に陥る。

[井上通敏]

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