Diagonal method

Japanese: 対角線論法 - たいかくせんろんぽう(英語表記)diagonal method
Diagonal method
It is a type of argumentative method of proof in which the subject under consideration is arranged in a table of infinite length and width, and then the items arranged on the diagonal are used to make an argument. It was first used in the case of sets by G. Cantor. Let us look at his argument, which shows that 〈the set I of all real numbers such that 0 < x < 1 is uncountable〉. Real numbers such that 0 < x < 1 can be expressed as the decimal 0. a 1 a 2 a 3 …. When x is a rational number, it can be expressed as a finite decimal, but we consider that it has a trailing 0, for example, 0.32000 ….

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
証明の論法の一種であり,考察している対象を縦横が無限の長さをもつ表に並べてその対角線上に並んだものを利用して議論する方法である。G.カントルによって集合で初めて使われた。〈0<x<1である実数全体の集合Iは非可算である〉ことを示す彼の論法を見てみよう。0<x<1である実数は小数0.a1a2a3……と表せる。xが有理数のときは有限小数で表せるが,例えば0.32000……のように後に0が続いていると考える。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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