Diagonal

Japanese: 対角線 - たいかくせん

〘noun〙① A line segment obtained by connecting two vertices of a polygon that are not on the same side. Also, a line segment obtained by connecting two vertices of a polyhedron that are not on the same face. [Revised and Supplemented Physics Ladder (1876)]② Figuratively refers to a route that corresponds to ①, or the act of moving through it. ※Tangjin O-Kichi (1928)〈Juichitani Gisaburo〉1 "From this dormitory (villa) of Obasama, through the town diagonally" [Eloquence] In the late Ming Dynasty of China, the original work of Euclid was translated by Matteo Ricci and translated into Chinese by Xu Guangqi in "The Original Geometry" ( 1607 ), which states, "In the case of a parallel square, if _both diagonals are made _into a straight line, then that straight line is also _{a diagonal} _line ." In the early modern period, this book was also read by Japanese mathematicians, and was adopted and popularized during the process of introducing Western mathematics in the late Edo period and early Meiji period.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 多角形で、同一の辺上にない二つの頂点を結んで得られる線分。また、多面体で、同一の面上にない二つの頂点を結んで得られる線分。〔改正増補物理階梯（1876）〕② 比喩的に、①に当たる経路や、それを通って移動するさまなどをいう。※唐人お吉（1928）〈十一谷義三郎〉一「をばさまのこの『寮』(ヴィラ)から、町を対角線に抜けて」[語誌]中国の明末に、ユークリッドの原著をマテオ=リッチが口訳し徐光啓が漢訳した「幾何原本」（一六〇七）に「凡平行線方形、若於両対角作_二一直線_一、其直線為_二対角線_一」とある。近世、この書は日本の数学者にも読まれて、幕末明治初期に西洋数学を導入する過程で採用されて、一般化した。

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