Thoreau, Henry David

Japanese: ソロー（英語表記）Thoreau， Henry David

Born July 12, 1817 in Concord, Massachusetts.
Died: May 6, 1862. Concord, Massachusetts. American essayist and poet. After graduating from Harvard University, he became a member of the Transcendental Club, centered around Emerson, and contributed to the club's journal, The Dial. From 1845 to 1847, he built a cabin on the shores of Walden Pond and lived a nearly self-sufficient life. Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854) is a record of this experimental life, and it had a great influence on later generations as a practical example of transcendentalism and a pioneer of ecological thought. The only other book published during his lifetime was A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers (49). After his death, a complete collection of his work was published in 1906, consisting of twenty volumes, mainly consisting of his diary. He also published the Collected Poems of Henry Thoreau (1943) and The Correspondence of Henry David Thoreau (58).

Thoreau
Solow, Robert Merton

Born: August 23, 1924. Brooklyn, New York. American economist. Received his PhD from Harvard University in 1951. Assistant professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1950 to 1954, associate professor in 1954, full professor since 1958. Served as senior economist on the President's Council of Economic Advisers during the Kennedy administration, US representative on the Committee to Promote Economic Growth of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, president of the Econometric Society (1964), and president of the American Economic Association (1979). One of the most active economists in modern America, well versed in pure theory, econometrics, and practical policy theory, he is known as a leading authority on neoclassical growth theory and as the first person to introduce technology issues into the production function. In 1987, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to the theory of economic growth. His main work is Growth Theory (1970), co-authored with R. Dorfman and P. A. Samuelson, Linear Programming and Economic Analysis (58), and many other papers and books.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1817.7.12. マサチューセッツ，コンコード
[没]1862.5.6. マサチューセッツ，コンコード
アメリカの随筆家，詩人。ハーバード大学卒業後，エマソンを中心とする「超絶クラブ」の一員となり，機関誌『ダイアル』に寄稿する一方，1845～47年ウォールデン湖畔に小屋を建て，ほとんど自給自足の生活をした。この実験的生活の記録が『ウォールデン──森の生活』 Walden，or Life in the Woods (1854) で，超絶主義の主張の実践として，またエコロジー思想の先駆として後世に大きな影響を及ぼした。生前に出版した著書はこのほか『コンコード川とメリマック川の一週間』A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers (49) だけであったが，死後，1906年に刊行された全集は日記を中心に 20巻を数え，ほかに『全詩集』 Collected Poems of Henry Thoreau (1943) ，『書簡集』 The Correspondence of Henry David Thoreau (58) もある。

ソロー
Solow， Robert Merton

[生]1924.8.23. ニューヨーク，ブルックリン
アメリカの経済学者。 1951年ハーバード大学で博士号取得，50～54年マサチューセッツ工科大学助教授，54年準教授，58年以降正教授。ケネディ政権時に大統領経済諮問委員会のシニア・エコノミスト，経済協力開発機構の経済成長促進委員会のアメリカ代表，計量経済学会会長 (1964) ，アメリカ経済学会会長 (79) などを歴任。純粋理論，計量経済学，実践的政策論に通じた現代アメリカの最も活動的な経済学者の一人で，新古典派成長理論の第一人者として，また生産関数のなかに技術の問題を初めて導入した一人として著名。 87年経済成長理論への貢献によりノーベル経済学賞受賞。主著『成長理論』 Growth Theory (1970) ，R.ドーフマン，P.A.サミュエルソンとの共著『線形計画と経済分析』 Linear Programming and Economic Analysis (58) ほか論文，著書多数。

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