Sovkhoz

Japanese: ソホーズ

Also read as sovkhoz. A large state-run farm in the former Soviet Union. An abbreviation of sovetskoe khozyaistvo (Soviet management). Land and other means of production and products were state-owned, and workers received wages from the state. Founded just after the October Revolution (1918) by confiscating landlord-owned farms. Divided into sovkhozes for grain, livestock, etc. Along with kolkhozes, they formed the basic form of agricultural collectivization, and after World War II they developed to a level comparable to kolkhozes. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, most were reorganized along with kolkhozes, and about two-thirds became agricultural cooperatives or joint-stock companies. Some plan to continue operating as before.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

ソフホーズとも読む。旧ソ連の大規模な国営農場。sovetskoe khozyaistvo（ソビエト経営）の省略形。土地その他の生産手段と生産物は国有で，労働者は国家から賃金の支払いを受けた。地主所有農場を接収し十月革命直後（1918年）に創設。穀物，家畜等のソホーズに分かれる。コルホーズとともに農業集団化の基本形態をなし，第２次大戦後コルホーズに匹敵するほどに発展した。ソ連の崩壊後はコルホーズとともにほとんどが改組され，約３分の２は農業協同組合や株式会社となった。一部は従来どおりの経営を続けるとしている。

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