Sogdian - Sogdian

Japanese: ソグド語 - そぐどご
Sogdian - Sogdian

From the 7th to the 8th century, Sogdian played an important role in East-West relations as a major international lingua franca in Central Asia. It is an extinct language belonging to the Saka-Scythian family of East Iranian languages. Documents related to Buddhism, Manichaeism, and Christianity (Nestorianism) written in Sogdian script excavated from Turkestan and Dunhuang, and the Mugu documents discovered on Mugu Mountain east of Penjikent, have advanced research into the language. There are many variants of the Sogdian script, which was created from Aramaic characters, including the cursive script in Manichaeism documents and the Samarkand script in the Mugu documents. Sogdian generally does not fully represent vowels, making it difficult to determine them, and it is also characterized by the inclusion of Aramaic words in the text. The Yaghnobid people currently living in the Republic of Tajikistan are said to be descendants of the Sogdians, but the relationship between ancient Sogdian and modern Yaghnobid has not yet been clarified.

[Tatsuo Nishida]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

7世紀から8世紀にかけて、中央アジアの有力な国際共通語として、東西交渉に重要な役割を果たした言語。東イラン語群のサカ・スキタイ語系に属する死語である。トルキスタンや敦煌(とんこう)から出土した、ソグド文字で書かれた仏教・マニ教・キリスト教(景教)に関する文献や、ペンジケントの東にあるムグ山で発見されたムグ文書が、この言語の研究を進めた。アラム文字からつくられたソグド文字の字形には変種も多く、マニ教文献の草書体字形や、ムグ文書のサマルカンド字形などが知られる。ソグド語は、一般に母音を十分に表記しないため、母音の決定は困難であり、文中にアラム語が混入するという特徴もある。タジク(タジキスタン)共和国に現住するヤグノーブ人は、ソグド人の後裔(こうえい)といわれるが、古代ソグド語と現代ヤグノーブ語の関係は、いまだ解明されていない。

[西田龍雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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