Sang Hongyang - Sang Hongyang

A politician of the Western Han Dynasty in China. Son of a merchant from Luoyang. Became a chamberlain at the age of 13, and later served as Chief Minister of Agriculture and Minister of State Finances. In order to save the nation from the financial crisis caused by Emperor Wu's foreign campaigns, he implemented various policies, such as the salt and iron monopoly (continuing the one established in 119 BC), the equalization and equalization law (110 BC), and the liquor monopoly (98 BC). At the Salt and Iron Conference held by Emperor Zhao in 81 BC after the death of Emperor Wu, while Xianliang and Wenwen (official candidates recommended by the prefectures and provinces) advocated the abolition of salt and iron, Grand Censor (Deputy Prime Minister) Sang Hongyang argued that economic policies in which the state was directly involved in commerce were necessary to fund foreign defense, and took the side of those who defended the monopoly. However, in 80 BC, he was executed for conspiracy by Grand Sima General Huo Guang, who held real power under the young Emperor Zhao.

[Kazuyuki Tsuruma]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、前漢の政治家。洛陽(らくよう)の商人の子。13歳で侍中となり、のち大司農中丞(だいしのうちゅうじょう)、大司農（国家財政管理）の職にあって武帝の外征による国家財政の危機を救うために、塩鉄専売制（紀元前119年に始められたものを引き継ぐ）、均輸・平準法（前110年）、酒専売制（前98年）の諸政策を実行する。武帝の死後、昭帝の前81年に開かれた塩鉄会議では、塩鉄廃止論を唱える賢良・文学（郡国推薦の官吏候補生）に対し、御史大夫(ぎょしたいふ)（副丞相）桑弘羊は、対外防衛費のためには国家が商業に直接関与する経済政策が必要であることを主張し、専売制擁護論の側にたった。しかし前80年、幼い昭帝の下で実権を握っていた大司馬大将軍霍光(かくこう)に謀略の罪で誅(ちゅう)せられた。

［鶴間和幸］

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