A motile organelle that grows on the surface of eukaryotic cells, such as the ciliated protozoa of protozoa and the ciliated epithelium of metazoans. The plural is cilia. A similar organelle is the flagellum of eukaryotic cells, but cilia are found in greater numbers per cell and are usually shorter. The two also have different patterns of movement. However, there is almost no difference in the basic structure, and in fact flagella begin to move like cilia when they become fatigued. Cilia in sea urchin embryos, for example, are found in one cell and are over 100 μm long, but their movement pattern is typical of cilia. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
原生動物の繊毛虫類や,後生動物の繊毛上皮など,真核細胞の表面に生えている運動性の細胞器官である。複数形はcilia。これに似たものに真核細胞の鞭毛があるが,繊毛の方が細胞1個当りの数が多く,長さが短いのが普通である。また両者の運動の様式も異なっている。しかし基本的な構造にはほとんど差がなく,じじつ鞭毛も疲労してくると繊毛のような運動を示すようになる。またウニ胚の繊毛などは細胞1個当り1本で長さも100μmをこえるが,その運動様式は典型的な繊毛の運動である。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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