In everyday language, it means the act of making a donation, but in legal terms, before the 2006 (Heisei 18) revision of the Civil Code (which came into effect on December 1, 2008), it meant (1) the act of establishing a foundation and (2) the written fundamental rules of the foundation. Legally, it is written as a "donation act." After the revised Civil Code and the newly enacted laws related to corporations (General Corporation Law, Public Interest Corporation Certification Law, etc.) came into force (December 1, 2008), for general corporations, (1) has come to be called the "contribution of assets" by the founder (General Corporation Law, Article 153, Paragraph 1, Item 5, and Articles 157-158), and (2) has come to be called the "articles of incorporation," just like for incorporated associations (General Corporation Law, Article 152). For corporations that are not general corporations, the traditional concept of "donation" is used, such as for foundation-type medical corporations under the Medical Care Act and school corporations under the Private Schools Act. [Takahisa Awaji] [Reference] | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
日常用語では寄付をする行為をいうが、法律用語では、2006年(平成18)の民法改正(2008年12月1日施行)前においては、(1)財団法人の設立行為と、(2)書面に記載された財団法人の根本規則を意味していた。法令上は「寄附行為」と表記される。 改正後の民法と新たに制定された法人関係法(一般法人法、公益法人認定法など)の施行(2008年12月1日)後は、一般法人については、(1)は設立者による「財産の拠出」とよばれるようになり(一般法人法153条1項5号、157条~158条)、(2)は社団法人と同様に「定款」とよばれるようになった(一般法人法152条)。 なお、一般法人ではない法人については、医療法による医療法人のうちの財団型医療法人や私立学校法による学校法人に関して「寄附行為」が用いられるなど、従来どおりの概念が用いられている。 [淡路剛久] [参照項目] | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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