Plants that grow abundantly on limestone and are rarely or never found on other bedrocks. Weathered limestone soils are generally rich in nutrients and have abundant vegetation, but limestone plants are distinct from the plants that grow in these soils because they mainly grow directly on the bedrock. In limestone cliffs and rubble areas, the strong chemical and physical effects of the limestone make it difficult for general plants to grow, and only plants that are highly alkaline and resistant to dryness can grow there. However, there are very few obligate limestone plants that grow only on limestone, and many can grow well on non-limestone soils under certain conditions. For example, the Japanese quince is particularly common on limestone soil, but it also grows well on volcanic rocks. Examples of limestone plants include Deutzia japonica, Oriental cuckoo, Chono fern, Tachidenda, and Ishibaigeki. [Tatsuyuki Ohba] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
石灰岩上に多く生え、他の基岩上には少ないか、あるいはまったくみられない植物。石灰岩の風化した土壌は一般に富養で豊かな植生をもつが、石灰岩植物は主として母岩上に直接生える植物であるため、これら土壌に生える植物とは区別される。石灰岩の岩壁や岩礫(がんれき)地では石灰岩の化学作用と物理作用が強く働いて一般の植物が生えにくく、高いアルカリ性と乾燥に対する耐性をもつ植物のみが生育しうる。しかし、石灰岩上にのみ生える絶対的石灰岩植物はごく少数で、多くのものは条件によっては非石灰岩地にもよく育つ。たとえば、チョウノスケソウは石灰岩地にとくに多いが、火山岩上にもよく生える。石灰岩植物としては、イワツクバネウツギ、ジョウロウホトトギス、チョウシダ、タチデンダ、イシバイゴケなどがあげられる。 [大場達之] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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