WIPO is an international organization headquartered in Geneva, established by the Stockholm Convention in 1967 for the purpose of protecting and managing intellectual property rights such as industrial property rights and copyrights. It is one of the 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations, and Japan joined in 1975. Previously, industrial property rights were protected by the Paris Convention and copyrights by the Berne Convention, but the Stockholm Convention decided that these rights would be centrally managed by WIPO. As of the end of July 2006, 183 countries are members of WIPO, and it manages a total of 23 international treaties, including 15 treaties such as the Paris Convention on industrial property rights and 7 treaties on copyright. Since each country has its own laws regarding intellectual property rights, WIPO is playing a central role in promoting the creation of a global framework from the perspective of international harmonization. The construction of a global patent system is one example of this, and the formulation of a substantive patent law treaty, which aims to harmonize the substantive aspects in order to reduce procedures and costs, is being considered, but it is taking time due to conflicts of interest between developed and developing countries. (Tsutomu Sakurai, Director of the Japan Industrial Research Institute / 2007) World Intellectual Property Organization(Toshiki Mogami, Professor at International Christian University / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
産業財産権及び著作権など知的財産権の保護、管理を目的として1967年のストックホルム条約により設立された、ジュネーブに本部を置く国際機関。国連の16ある専門機関の1つで、日本は75年に加盟。従来、産業財産権はパリ条約、著作権はベルヌ条約でそれぞれ保護されてきたが、ストックホルム条約によってWIPOによる一元管理が決まった。2006年7月末現在、183カ国が加盟し、産業財産権に関するパリ条約など15条約及び著作権に関する7条約を含む合計23の国際条約を管理している。知的財産権に関する法律は属地法で各国が独自の法律を定めているため、WIPOが中心となり国際的調和の観点から世界共通の枠組み作りを推進している。世界特許のシステム構築はその一例であり、手続き及び費用負担軽減のために、実体面での調和を目指す実体特許法条約の策定が検討されているが、先進国と途上国との利害摩擦などがあり時間を要している。
(桜井勉 日本産業研究所代表 / 2007年) 世界知的所有権機関(最上敏樹 国際基督教大学教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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