Constitutional Evolution - Kenpouhensen (English spelling) Verfassungswandlung [Germany]

Japanese: 憲法変遷 - けんぽうへんせん（英語表記）Verfassungswandlung[ドイツ]

There are two usages: (1) when it means a change in the application of the enacted constitution, and (2) when there is a precedent (law, practice) that violates the enacted constitution, and if certain requirements are met (the precedent in question must have been in use for a long time and the legal consciousness of the people that accepts it must have been established), the unconstitutional practice acquires the character of a constitutional norm and the enacted constitution must be amended or abolished. Under P. Laband (a public law scholar in Imperial Germany at the end of the 19th century), who first used the term constitutional transition, the term was used exclusively in the sense of (1), and the question of (2), whether an unconstitutional practice would amend or abolish the enacted constitution, was discussed in Germany at that time as a matter of customary constitutional law.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

(1)制定憲法の運用の変化を意味する場合と，(2)制定憲法に反する実例(法律，慣行)が存在するとき，一定の要件(当該実例が長期間通用し，かつその実例を承認する国民の法意識が確立していること)が満たされた場合には，違憲の実例が憲法規範の性格を獲得し，制定憲法を改廃するということを意味する場合，の二つの用法がある。憲法変遷という言葉を最初に使用したP.ラーバント(19世紀末の帝制ドイツの公法学者)のもとでは，この言葉はもっぱら(1)の意味で用いられ，違憲の実例が制定憲法を改廃するかどうかという(2)の問題は，当時のドイツでは憲法慣習法の問題として論じられていた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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