Mr. Oda

Hatta Tomoie, the great-great-grandson of Fujiwara no Michikane, was a powerful clan leader in medieval Hitachi Province (Ibaraki Prefecture). Tomoie followed Minamoto no Yoritomo early on and acquired Hitachi Tsukuba County, Kita County, Tanaka Manor, Kozuru Manor, Motegiho in Shimotsuke (Tochigi Prefecture), Ijira Manor in Mino (Gifu Prefecture), and other areas, and later lived in Oda in Tsukuba County. His eldest son, Tomoshige, took the name of Oda, and his brothers established clans such as Ijira (Arichi, Ijira Manor), Mogi (Tomomoto, Mogi Tamotsu), Shishido (Kamasa, Kozuru Manor), and Tanaka (Tomouji, Tanaka Manor), each of which prospered. Since Tomoshige, the Oda and Shishido clans held the position of Hitachi Shugo, but under the tyranny of the Tokuso, they lost the position along with many of their territories and fell into decline. During the Sengoku period, Masaharu and Ujiharu tried to regain their power, but they were oppressed by the Satake and Yuki clans and fell into decline. Ujiharu and Moriharu later served Yuki Hideyasu and moved to Echizen (Fukui Prefecture).

[Takao Ichimura]

"Toshio Komaru's 15th generation of the Oda clan, top and bottom (1979, Shun Shobo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

藤原道兼(ふじわらのみちかね)の玄孫八田知家(はったともいえ)を祖とする中世常陸国(ひたちのくに)（茨城県）の豪族。知家は早くから源頼朝(みなもとのよりとも)に従い常陸筑波(つくば)郡、北郡(ほくぐん)、田中荘(たなかのしょう)、小鶴(こづる)荘、下野(しもつけ)（栃木県）茂木保(もてぎほ)、美濃(みの)（岐阜県）伊自良荘(いじらのしょう)などを獲得し、のち筑波郡小田に居住。嫡男知重(ともしげ)が小田氏を称し、その兄弟は伊自良氏（有知、伊自良荘）、茂木氏（知基、茂木保）、宍戸(ししど)氏（家政、小鶴荘）、田中氏（知氏、田中荘）などを興しておのおの繁栄した。知家以来常陸守護職は小田・宍戸氏が掌握したが、得宗(とくそう)専制の下でその守護職もまた多くの所領とともに失って衰退した。戦国時代に政治(まさはる)、氏治(うじはる)が勢力回復に努めるが、佐竹・結城(ゆうき)氏に圧されて没落、氏治、守治(もりはる)はのち結城秀康(ひでやす)に仕え越前(えちぜん)（福井県）に移った。

［市村高男］

『小丸俊雄著『小田氏十五代』上下（1979・崙書房）』

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