It refers to staining parts of living tissues, organs, or cells. It is used to label specific parts of embryos and to examine the internal state of cells. Dyes used in vital staining must be non-toxic to cells and remain in the cells for a long time. Examples of such dyes include Janus green, neutral red, Nile blue, methylene blue, and Bismarck brown. These are usually dissolved in physiological saline and applied from the outside of the cells. For example, Janus green enters the cells from the outside and stains mitochondria. Neutral red is injected into cells and used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) inside the cells. It is also possible to solidify the stain with agar and press a piece of this agar against a specific part of the embryo to stain only that part (local vital staining method). W. Vogt used this method to follow the changes in the position and differentiation of stained cell groups, and investigated the migration routes and developmental fates of amphibian embryos, creating a fate map. [Shigeo Takeuchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
生きたままの組織や器官の一部、あるいは細胞を染色することをいう。胚(はい)の特定の部分を標識したり、細胞の内部の状態を調べたりするのに用いられる。生体染色に用いられる色素は、細胞に無害で、細胞内に長期間とどまっている性質をもたなくてはならない。このような色素として、ヤヌス緑、中性赤、ナイル青、メチレン青、ビスマルク褐などがある。これらは普通、生理的食塩水に溶かされ、細胞外から適用される。たとえば、ヤヌス緑は細胞外から入りミトコンドリアを染める。中性赤などは細胞内に注射され、細胞内の水素イオン濃度(pH)の測定に利用される。また、染色液を寒天で固め、この寒天片を胚の特定の部分に押し当て、その部分だけを染色することができる(局部生体染色法)。W・フォークトは、この方法を用いて染色された細胞群の位置の変化、分化のようすなどを追跡調査し、両生類胚の細胞の移動経路や発生運命などを調べ、予定運命図をつくった。 [竹内重夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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