All living organisms take in energy and materials to build their bodies and function. The quantitative relationship between the energy taken in and the energy assimilated is sometimes expressed as the efficiency of energy utilization. Similarly, in an ecosystem, the efficiency of energy utilization can be calculated for the various trophic levels that make up the ecosystem. In his classic study (1942) that established the concept of ecosystems, R.L. Lindeman calculated the ratio of the assimilated energy ⊿ n at a certain trophic level to the assimilated energy ⊿ n -1 at the trophic level immediately below, ⊿ n /⊿ n -1 , and called this the progressive efficiency. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
すべての生物はエネルギーや物質を取りこみ自己のからだを作ったり,活動したりしている。その際の取りこんだエネルギーに対する同化したエネルギーの量的関係を利用効率として表すことがある。同様に,生態系において,それを構成しているさまざまな栄養段階においてエネルギーの利用効率を求めることができる。リンデマンR.L.Lindemanは生態系の概念を確立した古典的な研究(1942)において,ある栄養段階の同化エネルギー⊿nとそのすぐ下位の栄養段階の同化エネルギー⊿n-1の比⊿n/⊿n-1を求め,これを累進効率progressive efficiencyと呼んだ。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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