American physicist. Born in Illinois. After studying at the University of Rochester, he studied abroad at Cambridge and Copenhagen for two years from 1923, and then at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he became a professor in 1930. He mainly studied multi-electron problems, atomic orbitals, and energy bands in crystals, and has made a great contribution to the formation of modern quantum theory of solids by applying quantum theory to the fields of atoms, molecules, and solids. He has also published papers on the theory of ferromagnets and semiconductors, ferroelectrics, and electronics. He has also written excellent textbooks in line with the system of modern physics, and is widely read by physicists around the world. His works have been translated into Japanese as Modern Physics (1955), An Introduction to Theoretical Physics (co-authored with Frank, 1933), Mechanics (co-authored with Frank, 1947), and Electromagnetism (co-authored with Frank, 1947). [Konno Hiroshi] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの物理学者。イリノイ州の生まれ。ロチェスター大学に学んだのち、1923年から2年間、ケンブリッジ大学やコペンハーゲン大学に留学、その後、マサチューセッツ工科大学で研究し、1930年、同大学の教授となる。主として多電子問題、原子軌道、結晶におけるエネルギー帯などの研究を行い、量子理論を原子、分子、固体の領域にまで発展的に適用して、現代固体量子論の形成に大きな貢献をしている。また強磁性体や半導体の理論、強誘電体、電子工学の領域の論文も発表している。一方、現代物理学の体系に沿った優れた教科書を書き、世界の物理学徒に広く読まれている。邦訳されたものに『現代物理学』(1955)、『理論物理学入門』(フランクと共著・1933)、『力学』(フランクと共著・1947)、『電磁気学』(フランクと共著・1947)などがある。 [今野 宏] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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