Kayano Toyotoshi - Kayano Toyotoshi

He was a government official and a man of letters in the early Heian period. His ancestors were probably local lords in Kaya County, Bitchu Province, but he was a representative intellectual of the time, with his main residence in Ukyo. He was well versed in classics and history, and spent several years studying calligraphy at the Untei-in temple established by Isonokami no Yakatsugu, for which he was praised as unrivaled. During the Enryaku period (782-806), he became a Doctor of Literature, and in 797 (Enryaku 16), he also served as a Togu Gakushi (a scholar of the Imperial Court) and was in charge of raising the Crown Prince Andon. After the Crown Prince ascended to the throne (Emperor Heizei), he was trusted to become Shikibu Taifu (Minister of Shikibu) of the Fourth Rank, but he did not agree with Fujiwara no Kusuko and others, and did not follow the retired Emperor Heizei's move to Heizei. After the Kusuko Incident, he tried to resign, but was given the trust of Emperor Saga and became the Governor of Harima, but after three years in this position he moved to Kyoto due to illness and passed away at Uji Bekgyo. By imperial decree, he was allowed to be buried under the tomb of his revered son Uji no Wakiiratsuko, and was awarded the rank of Junior Fourth Rank, but it is said that this was still not enough to bring him the glory of the country.

[Muneyoshi Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安初期の官人、文人。その祖先は備中(びっちゅう)国賀夜郡の土豪の系譜であろうが、右京に本貫地のあった当時の代表的な知識人。経史に精通し、石上宅嗣(いそのかみのやかつぐ)の開いた芸亭(うんてい)院で数年間群書を極め、無類と評された。延暦(えんりゃく)年中（782～806）には文章博士(もんじょうはかせ)となり、797年（延暦16）には東宮学士(とうぐうがくし)を兼ねて皇太子安殿(あて)親王の養育にあたった。皇太子即位（平城(へいぜい)天皇）ののち、信任されて従(じゅ)四位下式部大輔(たいふ)となったが、藤原薬子(くすこ)らとは同調せず、平城上皇の平城遷御にも従わなかった。薬子の変ののち辞任せんとしたが、嵯峨(さが)天皇の信任を得て播磨守(はりまのかみ)となり、在任3年で病のため入京し、宇治別業で没した。とくに勅があり、尊崇した莵道稚郎子(うじのわきいらつこ)の陵下に埋葬することが許され、正四位下が贈られたが、ときに人は国華を遇するにはなお不足であるといったという。

［佐藤宗諄］

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