A city in the state of Saxony in eastern Germany. It is located on a granite hill on the Spree River near the border with the Czech Republic. Originally a Slavic settlement, it became a German city in 1033, became part of Bohemia in 1319, and became part of the Duchy of Saxony in 1635. It is the political and cultural center of the West Slavic minority group called the Solben or Wend, which is common in the Oberlausitz region. In May 1813, French troops under the command of Napoleon I won a decisive victory over the Russo-Prussian allied forces here after a fierce battle. It suffered heavy damage in World War II, but has since been rebuilt as an industrial city. Industries such as electronic parts, machinery, paper, and textiles are located here. It has Ortenburg Castle (1438-86) and St. Peter's Church (1220-1497), among others. Population 48,588 (1991 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ドイツ東部,ザクセン州の都市。チェコとの国境近く,シュプレー河岸の花崗岩丘陵上に位置する。初めスラブ人の集落であったが,1033年ドイツの都市となり,1319年ボヘミア領,1635年ザクセン公国の一部となった。オーバーラウジッツ地方に多いゾルベンまたはウェンドと呼ばれる西スラブ系の少数民族の政治,文化の中心地。 1813年5月にはナポレオン1世指揮下のフランス軍が,ここで,激戦の末ロシア=プロシア連合軍に大勝した。第2次世界大戦では被害が大きかったが,工業都市として再興。電子機器部品,機械,紙,繊維などの工業が立地する。オルテンブルク城 (1438~86) ,聖ペーテル教会 (1220~1497) などがある。人口4万 8588 (1991推計) 。
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