Spalling

Japanese: スポーリング（英語表記）spalling

A phenomenon in which refractories break due to impact or other factors. It can also refer to cracking and destruction due to mechanical impact or structural reasons, but usually refers to thermal spalling. Refractories generally have low thermal conductivity, so when they are rapidly heated or cooled, a temperature difference occurs inside and outside, and the difference in thermal expansion causes them to warp and break. In general, the higher the quality of the refractory material, the more likely it is to cause spalling. Magnesite and chromite have sufficient heat resistance, but they expand and contract greatly in response to high and low temperatures, making them difficult to use in high-heat areas. In such cases, powder stamping, which is less susceptible to spalling, is better than brickwork.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

耐火物が衝撃などで破壊する現象。機械的衝撃，構造的原因によって割れて破壊する場合もいうが，普通は熱的スポーリングのことをさす。耐火物は一般に熱伝導率が大きくないので，急熱急冷すると，内外に温度差ができ，熱膨張の差で，ひずんで破壊する。一般に高級耐火材料ほどスポーリングを起しやすく，マグネサイト，クロマイトなどは，耐熱性は十分であるが，熱の高低に対する膨張，収縮が大きく，高熱部に使用困難なことが多いので，その場合は煉瓦積みよりスポーリングの影響の少い粉粒のスタンピングのほうがよい。

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