Spender, Stephen (Harold)

Japanese: スペンダー（英語表記）Spender， Stephen (Harold)

Born: February 28, 1909, London
[died] July 16, 1995, London. British poet and critic. One of the so-called Auden group. He became friends with Auden and Day-Lewis during his time at Oxford University, and details of their friendship can be found in his autobiography, World Within World (1951). His first collection of poems, Poems (33), his long poem Vienna (34), his verse drama Trial of a Judge (38), his collection of essays The Destructive Element (35), and Forward from Liberalism (37) all show his strong political interest, but his experience of participating in the Spanish Civil War led him to gradually distance himself from politics, and his ideals as a "lonely man with dreams" and his lyricism became the driving force behind his writings. In addition to his collected poems (54), he also published verse dramas, novels, and travel writings, but his most important collections of essays include The Creative Element (53) and The Struggle of the Modern (63). He was also known as the editor of the influential magazines Horizon (39-41) and Encounter (53-67). After World War II, he lectured at various American universities and visited Japan.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1909.2.28. ロンドン
[没]1995.7.16. ロンドン
イギリスの詩人，批評家。いわゆるオーデン・グループの一人。オーデンやデイ＝ルイスとの交友はオックスフォード大学時代からで，その間の事情は自伝『世界のうちなる世界』 World Within World (1951) に詳しい。処女詩集 Poems (33) ，長詩『ウィーン』 Vienna (34) ，詩劇『裁判官の審問』 Trial of a Judge (38) ，評論集『破壊的要素』 The Destructive Element (35) ，『自由主義からの前進』 Forward from Liberalism (37) などには強い政治的関心がみられるが，スペイン内乱に参加した経験から，次第に政治から遠ざかり，「夢をはらむ単独者」としての理念と抒情性がその著作の原動力となった。全詩集 (54) のほか詩劇，小説，旅行記もあるが，『創造的要素』 The Creative Element (53) ，『現代人の戦い』 The Struggle of the Modern (63) などの評論集が特に重要である。また有力な雑誌『ホライズン』 (39～41) ，『エンカウンター』 (53～67) の編集者としても知られる。第2次世界大戦後アメリカの諸大学で講義，来日したこともある。

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