Strelitzia - Strelitzia

Japanese: ストレリチア - すとれりちあ
Strelitzia - Strelitzia

It is an evergreen perennial plant of the Musaceae family (APG classification: Parulaceae), and five species grow wild in South Africa. The representative species, bird-of-paradise flower/ S. reginae Ait. var. reginae , is 1-2 meters tall and does not have an upright stem. It was introduced to Japan before 1872 (Meiji 5). It is now commonly used as a cut flower. The leaves are basal, leathery and elongated, with long petioles. The flower stalk is the same length as the leaves and stands upright, with a hard, fleshy, bird-beak-shaped spathe at the end. The whole plant looks like one flower, but there are 6-8 flowers inside the spathe. The outer perianth is orange-yellow, and the inner perianth is bluish-purple and tongue-shaped, enclosing the stamens and pistils. It blooms frequently from autumn to winter. Juncea var. juncea HFMoore, a rod-shaped variety without leaf blades, is used as cut leaves. When propagated from seed, morphological variations are likely to occur. S. alba Skeeis is easily confused with S. nicolai Regei et. Koern. Both are large species with stems that reach several meters, but the former has solitary inflorescences, a deep purple spathe, and the base of the tongue is not spear-shaped. The latter has paired inflorescences, reddish brown spathes, and the base of the tongue is spear-shaped. The latter is more commonly cultivated in Japan. Strelitzia has succulent roots and is drought-resistant, and will overwinter at 5°C if watering is limited. It is propagated from seed, but can also be divided.

[Masataka Takabayashi June 18, 2019]

Bird of paradise
A representative species of Strelitzia. The outer perianth is orange-yellow, and the inner perianth is bluish-purple and ligulate. It often blooms from autumn to winter. ©Shogakukan ">

Bird of paradise


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

バショウ科(APG分類:ゴクラクチョウカ科)の常緑多年草で、南アフリカに5種が自生する。代表種であるゴクラクチョウカ(極楽鳥花)bird-of-paradise flower/S. reginae Ait. var. reginae は高さ1~2メートルで茎は立たない。日本へは1872年(明治5)以前に導入された。現在は切り花として一般に普及している。葉は根生し、葉身は革質長形で、長い葉柄をもつ。花茎は葉と同長で直立し、先端に硬い多肉質で鳥のくちばし状の仏炎包をつける。全体で1花のようにみえるが、包内に6~8花がある。外花被(かひ)は橙黄(とうこう)色、内花被は青紫色の舌状で、雄しべと雌しべを包む。秋から冬にかけてよく花を開く。葉身のない棒状の変種であるジュンセアvar. juncea H.F.Mooreは切り葉として利用される。実生(みしょう)すると形態の変異が生じやすい。オウギバショウモドキS. alba Skeeisは、ルリゴクラクチョウカS. nicolai Regei et. Koern.と混同されやすい。どちらも茎が数メートルになる大形種であるが、前者は花序が単生し、仏炎包は濃紫色、舌状弁の基部は矛形にならない。後者は花序が対(つい)をなし、包は赤褐色で、舌状弁の基部が矛形になる。日本の栽培種は後者が多い。ストレリチアは多肉根で乾燥に強く、水やりを控えれば5℃で越冬する。実生で殖やすが、株分けもできる。

[高林成年 2019年6月18日]

ゴクラクチョウカ
ストレリチアの代表種。外花被は橙黄色、内花被は青紫色の舌状。秋から冬にかけてよく花を開く©Shogakukan">

ゴクラクチョウカ


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