Koshitsu - Ancient History

Japanese: 古史通 - こしつう
Koshitsu - Ancient History

A history book written by Arai Hakuseki. It was written in 1716 (Kyoho 1) after the death of the 6th Shogun Tokugawa Ienobu, whom Hakuseki served, along with the appendix Koshitsu Wakumon, but the core part was already presented to Ienobu when he was a feudal lord. By order of Ienobu (Kofu Tsunatoyo), it attempted to interpret the descriptions in the Kamiyo-maki chapter of the Nihon Shoki by referring to the Kujiki and Kojiki. For example, it started from a kind of rationalistic standpoint that "gods are people," and interpreted myths as historical facts, such as Takamagahara being located in Taka District, Hitachi Province (Ibaraki Prefecture). In the "Reading" and "Preface" that precede the main text (4 volumes), Shiraishi writes that "history is based on facts and records events to serve as a guide for the world," and he selects facts from the perspective of teaching moral lessons. Based on this standard, Shiraishi, as a Neo-Confucian scholar, selected as historical facts those that fit his viewpoint of governing with the virtue of the monarch. In addition, "Arumon" (3 volumes) is an explanation of the descriptions in "Koshitsu" in the form of questions and answers. It is included in the 3rd volume of "Arai Hakuseki Zenshu."

[Tetsuzo Nagura]

Masahide Bito's "The Historical Thought of Arai Hakuseki" (included in Arai Hakuseki, Volume 35 of the Japanese Thought Series, 1975, Iwanami Shoten)Kimio Izu's "New Edition: History of Japanese Historiography" (1972, Azekura Shobo)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

新井白石(あらいはくせき)著の歴史書。付録の『古史通或問(わくもん)』とともに白石が仕えた6代将軍徳川家宣(いえのぶ)没後の1716年(享保1)に書かれたものであるが、その中心的部分はすでに家宣の藩邸時代に献上されている。家宣(甲府綱豊(こうふつなとよ))の命によって、『旧事紀(くじき)』『古事記』などを参照して『日本書紀』神代巻の記述について解釈を試みたものである。それはたとえば「神は人也(なり)」とするある種の合理主義的立場から出発して、高天原(たかまがはら)は常陸(ひたち)国(茨城県)の多珂(たが)郡にあるというように神話を歴史的事実として解釈するというものであった。白石は本文(全4巻)に先だつ「読法」と「凡例」のなかで、「史は実に拠(より)て事を記して世の鑑戒を示すものなり」と記しており、道徳的教訓を示すものという視点で事実を選定している。この基準から、朱子学者としての白石の君主徳治主義的な観点に見合うものが史実として選定されている。また『或問』(全3巻)は問答形式で『古史通』の記述について説明を加えている。『新井白石全集』第3巻所収。

[奈倉哲三]

『尾藤正英著「新井白石の歴史思想」(『日本思想大系 35 新井白石』所収・1975・岩波書店)』『伊豆公夫著『新版日本史学史』(1972・校倉書房)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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