Suzuki Mosaburo

Politician. Born in Aichi Prefecture on February 7, 1893, he worked hard to graduate from the Waseda University Specialist Department. He worked as a newspaper reporter until 1928 (Showa 3), but in 1920 (Taisho 9), he traveled to the United States and associated with a group of Japanese socialists in America. He entered revolutionary Russia and participated in the Far Eastern National Congress in 1922. After returning to Japan that same year, he joined the Japanese Communist Party and promoted the organization of a proletarian political party, but came into conflict with Fukumotoism and formed a labor-farmer faction with the aim of forming a united front party. He continued to campaign from an anti-war and anti-fascist position from the Manchurian Incident until the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, but was arrested in 1937 (Showa 12) in the People's Front Incident. After World War II, he participated in the formation of the Japan Socialist Party, and served as secretary-general from 1949 to 1950 (Showa 24-25), and as chairman in 1951, calling on young people not to take up their guns. He continued to be chairman of the Left Socialist Party until 1955 when the party split, and after the unification of the two parties he served as chairman until March 1960. He then devoted himself to collecting socialist documents and materials, and established the "Social Library", which he donated to the Museum of Modern Japanese Literature. He passed away on May 7, 1970. He was known by the pseudonym "Mosa-san", and his pen names included Usui Shigeto, Goda Yosuke, Shimura Kenyuki, Utsugi Tetsuya, Seki Shinpachi, Yoshida Hanji, Yasuda Motomu and others.

[Shoji Arakawa]

"Selected Works of Suzuki Mozaburo, 4 volumes (1970-1971, Labor University)" ▽ "Edited by Suzuki Tetsuzo, Suzuki Mozaburo (Prewar Edition)" (1982, Japan Socialist Party Central Headquarters Press Department)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

政治家。明治26年2月7日愛知県に生まれ、苦学して早稲田(わせだ)大学専門部を卒業。1928年（昭和3）まで新聞記者として活躍する一方で、1920年（大正9）渡米し在米日本人社会主義者グループと交わり、革命ロシアに入って1922年の極東民族大会に参加した。同年帰国後、日本共産党に入党、無産政党組織化を推進するが、福本イズムと対立して労農派を形成、共同戦線党結成を目ざした。満州事変から日中戦争勃発(ぼっぱつ)の時期まで反戦・反ファッショの立場から運動を続けるが、1937年（昭和12）人民戦線事件で検挙された。第二次世界大戦後、日本社会党結成に参加し、1949～1950年（昭和24～25）書記長、1951年委員長に就任し「青年よ銃をとるな」と呼びかけた。社会党分裂に伴い引き続き1955年まで左派社会党委員長、統一後1960年3月まで委員長を務める。その後、社会主義文献・資料の収集に尽力し「社会文庫」を設立、日本近代文学館に寄贈した。昭和45年5月7日没。通称「モサさん」、筆名は薄茂人、郷田要助、志村堅之、宇津木徹也、関新八、吉田繁二、安田求ほか。

［荒川章二］

『『鈴木茂三郎選集』全4巻（1970～1971・労働大学）』▽『鈴木徹三編『鈴木茂三郎〈戦前編〉』（1982・日本社会党中央本部機関紙局）』

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