Disaster - saigai (English spelling) disaster

Japanese: 災害 - さいがい（英語表記）disaster

Generally speaking, it is damage that individuals or groups suffer due to causes or circumstances that human society could not have predicted, making it impossible or difficult to recover from their previous lives or productive activities. The Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act defines it as "damage caused by storms, heavy rain, heavy snow, floods, high tides, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and other abnormal natural phenomena, or large-scale fires or explosions, or other causes similar to these in terms of the extent of the damage they cause, as specified by government ordinance." (→Marine disasters, volcanic disasters, meteorological disasters, urban disasters)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

一般に，人間社会が予想できなかった原因，経過によって，個人または個々の集団が，元の生活や生産活動への回復不能，あるいは回復困難な損害を受けること。災害対策基本法では「暴風，豪雨，豪雪，洪水，高潮，地震，津波，噴火その他の異常な自然現象又は大規模な火事若しくは爆発その他その及ぼす被害の程度においてこれらに類する政令で定める原因により生ずる被害」としている。（→海洋災害，火山災害，気象災害，都市型災害）

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