Foreign land/foreign country

Japanese: 異域･異国 - いいきいこく

A term that broadly refers to the international relations that early modern Japanese states had. The word "foreign country" is used when states with a king and state institutions at their core refer to each other. In East Asia, the relationship between foreign countries is one in which the king (state) is placed in a hierarchical relationship with the barbarians, but it is premised on the non-interference in each other's internal affairs. If the political space in which the state exerts its power with equal strength is defined as "Japan," then foreign territories are the regional spaces that make up the periphery of "Japan." In the political consciousness of "Japan," these peripheral regions are considered to be the range within which the power of "governance" extends, and in this sense are included within the broad definition of "Tenka."

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

日本の近世国家が取り結んでいる国際関係を広くとらえた言葉。異国は，その中枢に国王と国家機構を持つ国家同士が他を言う場合に用いる。異国の関係は，東アジアでは国王(国家)が上下の華夷関係に置かれるが，相互に内政には干渉しないことを前提とする。その国家が等しい強さでみずからの権力を及ぼす政治的空間を〈本朝〉とすれば，異域は〈本朝〉の周縁を構成する地域空間である。この周縁地域は，〈本朝〉側の政治意識では，〈御仕置(統治)〉の力が及ぶ範囲と観念され，この意味で広義の〈天下〉の内に含まれる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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