This is a legal principle that states that an actor may act in the belief that others will act appropriately, and that the actor will not be held liable for negligence for the infringement of legal interests caused by the unexpected inappropriate behavior of others. This principle has been developed particularly in relation to traffic accidents, and limits criminal negligence liability in certain cases. It was first adopted by courts in West Germany, and was later adopted in Japanese precedents. For example, this principle applies when many people share work in a team medical setting, such as in a general hospital. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
行為者は,他者が適切な行動に出ることを信頼して行動してよく,他者の予想外の不適切な行動によって生じた法益侵害については,その行為者は過失責任を問われない,とする法理。この法理は,特に交通事故に関して発展してきたもので,一定の場合に刑事過失責任を限定するものである。初め西ドイツの裁判所で採用され,のちに日本の判例でも採用されるにいたった。たとえば,総合病院でみられるようなチーム医療の現場で多くの人々が仕事を分担する場合などに,この法理が妥当する。
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