…It is a compound word of the Greek words allos (different, changed) and ergon (action, ability), and was first used by Austrian pediatrician Clemens F. von Pirquet (1874-1929) in his paper Allergy, published in 1906. It means "changed reaction ability" or "mutagenic action," and refers to a case in which a living body that comes into contact with a foreign substance shows a different reaction to the substance than before. For example, this corresponds to a case in which a person becomes hypersensitive to the drug after receiving a penicillin injection and dies of shock from the injection (penicillin shock), or a case in which hives occur after eating fish or eggs. … From [Allergens]...An antigenic substance that causes allergic diseases or allergic reactions in humans, such as bronchial asthma and hay fever. In 1906, Clemens Pirquet (1874-1929) named the change in the body's reactivity to a foreign substance after it has been invaded as allergy, and called the foreign substance an allergen. Nowadays, antigens involved in the development of immediate allergies caused by immunoglobulin Ig E antibodies are often called allergens. From [Tuberculin reaction]...This refers to an antigen-antibody reaction in which tuberculin is an allergen, and is used as a test to determine whether or not one is infected with tuberculosis bacteria. Tuberculin was created in 1890 by R. Koch, the discoverer of tuberculosis bacteria, by concentrating the culture filtrate of tuberculosis bacteria. It did not initially become popular as a tuberculosis treatment as Koch had hoped, but Clemens F. von Pirquet (1874-1929), Charles Mantoux (1877-1947), and others established the tuberculin reaction as a method for diagnosing tuberculosis infection, and it has come to be widely used. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Pirquet, C" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ギリシア語のallos(違った,変わった)とergon(作用,能力)を合成した語で,オーストリアの小児科医ピルケーClemens F.von Pirquet(1874‐1929)が1906年に発表した論文《アレルギー》で用いたのが初めである。〈変化した反応能力〉〈変作動〉という意味で,ある外来性の物質と接した生体が,この物質に対して,それまでとは変わった反応性を示す場合を指す。たとえば,ペニシリンの注射を受けているうちに,この薬剤に対して過敏となり,ペニシリンの注射によってショック死を起こすような場合(ペニシリンショック)や,魚や卵を食べると蕁麻疹(じんましん)が起こるような場合がこれに一致する。… 【アレルゲン】より…ヒトにおける気管支喘息(ぜんそく),花粉症などのアレルギー性疾患もしくはアレルギー反応をひき起こす抗原物質をいう。1906年ピルケーClemens Pirquet(1874‐1929)が,異物の侵入をうけたあとでその異物に対する生体の反応性が変化することをアレルギーと名づけ,その異物をアレルゲンと呼んだ。現在では,おもに免疫グロブリンIg E型抗体による即時型アレルギーの発生に関与する抗原をアレルゲンと呼ぶ場合が多い。… 【ツベルクリン反応】より…ツベルクリンをアレルゲンとした抗原抗体反応をいい,結核菌の感染を受けているかどうかを調べる検査法として利用される。ツベルクリンは1890年,結核菌の発見者であるR.コッホによって,結核菌の培養ろ(濾)液を濃縮してつくられた。当初コッホが期待したように結核治療薬としては普及しなかったが,ピルケーClemens F.von Pirquet(1874‐1929),マントゥーCharles Mantoux(1877‐1947)らにより,ツベルクリン反応は結核感染の診断法として確立され,広く用いられるようになった。… ※「Pirquet,C」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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